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Genetic and pharmacologic modulation of cementogenesis via pyrophosphate regulators
Bone ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115329
E Y Chu 1 , T D Vo 1 , M B Chavez 2 , A Nagasaki 1 , E L Mertz 3 , F H Nociti 4 , S F Aitken 1 , D Kavanagh 5 , K Zimmerman 5 , X Li 5 , P R Stabach 5 , D T Braddock 5 , J L Millán 6 , B L Foster 2 , M J Somerman 1
Affiliation  

Pyrophosphate (PPi) serves as a potent and physiologically important regulator of mineralization, with systemic and local concentrations determined by several key regulators, including: tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (ALPL gene; TNAP protein), the progressive ankylosis protein (ANKH; ANK), and ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1; ENPP1). Results to date have indicated important roles for PPi in cementum formation, and we addressed several gaps in knowledge by employing genetically edited mouse models where PPi metabolism was disrupted and pharmacologically modulating PPi in a PPi-deficient mouse model. We demonstrate that acellular cementum growth is inversely proportional to PPi levels, with reduced cementum in Alpl KO (increased PPi levels) mice and excess cementum in Ank KO mice (decreased PPi levels). Moreover, simultaneous ablation of Alpl and Ank results in reestablishment of functional cementum in dKO mice. Additional reduction of PPi by dual deletion of Ank and Enpp1 does not further increase cementogenesis, and PDL space is maintained in part through bone modeling/remodeling by osteoclasts. Our results provide insights into cementum formation and expand our knowledge of how PPi regulates cementum. We also demonstrate for the first time that pharmacologic manipulation of PPi through an ENPP1-Fc fusion protein can regulate cementum growth, supporting therapeutic interventions targeting PPi metabolism.

中文翻译:

通过焦磷酸盐调节剂对牙骨质形成的遗传和药理学调节

焦磷酸盐 (PPi) 是一种有效且生理上重要的矿化调节剂,其全身和局部浓度由几个关键调节剂决定,包括:组织非特异性碱性磷酸酶(ALPL 基因;TNAP 蛋白)、进行性强直蛋白(ANKH;ANK) , 和胞外核苷酸焦磷酸酶/磷酸二酯酶 1 (ENPP1; ENPP1)。迄今为止的结果表明 PPi 在牙骨质形成中的重要作用,我们通过采用基因编辑的小鼠模型解决了几个知识空白,其中 PPi 代谢被破坏,并在 PPi 缺陷小鼠模型中通过药理学调节 PPi。我们证明无细胞牙骨质的生长与 PPi 水平成反比,Alpl KO 小鼠的牙骨质减少(PPi 水平增加),而 Ank KO 小鼠的牙骨质过多(PPi 水平降低)。而且,Alpl 和 Ank 的同时消融导致 dKO 小鼠功能性牙骨质的重建。通过双缺失 Ank 和 Enpp1 进一步减少 PPi 不会进一步增加牙骨质形成,并且 PDL 空间部分通过破骨细胞的骨建模/重塑来维持。我们的结果提供了对牙骨质形成的见解,并扩展了我们对 PPi 如何调节牙骨质的知识。我们还首次证明通过 ENPP1-Fc 融合蛋白对 PPi 的药理学操作可以调节牙骨质生长,支持针对 PPi 代谢的治疗干预。和 PDL 空间部分通过破骨细胞的骨骼建模/重塑来维持。我们的结果提供了对牙骨质形成的见解,并扩展了我们对 PPi 如何调节牙骨质的知识。我们还首次证明通过 ENPP1-Fc 融合蛋白对 PPi 的药理学操作可以调节牙骨质生长,支持针对 PPi 代谢的治疗干预。和 PDL 空间部分通过破骨细胞的骨骼建模/重塑来维持。我们的结果提供了对牙骨质形成的见解,并扩展了我们对 PPi 如何调节牙骨质的知识。我们还首次证明通过 ENPP1-Fc 融合蛋白对 PPi 的药理学操作可以调节牙骨质生长,支持针对 PPi 代谢的治疗干预。
更新日期:2020-07-01
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