Migraine and stroke are two common and heterogeneous neurovascular disorders responsible for a significant burden for those affected and a great economic cost for the society. There is growing evidence that migraine increases the overall risk of cerebrovascular diseases. In this review, based on available literature through a PubMed search, we found that ischaemic stroke in people with migraine is strongly associated with migraine with aura, young age, female sex, use of oral contraceptives and smoking habits. The risk of transient ischaemic attack also seems to be increased in people with migraine, although this issue has not been extensively investigated. Although migraine appears to be associated with haemorrhagic stroke, the migraine aura status has a small influence on this relationship. Neuroimaging studies have revealed a higher prevalence of asymptomatic structural brain lesions in people with migraine. They are also more likely to have unfavourable vascular risk factors; however, the increased risk of stroke seems to be more apparent among people with migraine without traditional risk factors. The mechanism behind the migraine-stroke association is unknown. In light of the higher risk of stroke in people with migraine with aura, it is important to identify and modify any vascular risk factor. There is currently no direct evidence to support that a migraine prophylactic treatment can reduce future stroke in people with migraine.

中文翻译：

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偏头痛和中风的风险。

偏头痛和中风是两种常见的异质性神经血管疾病，给受影响的人们带来沉重的负担，并给社会带来巨大的经济损失。越来越多的证据表明，偏头痛会增加脑血管疾病的总体风险。在这篇综述中，基于通过PubMed搜索获得的现有文献，我们发现偏头痛患者的缺血性中风与先兆性偏头痛，年龄，女性，使用口服避孕药和吸烟习惯密切相关。偏头痛患者短暂性脑缺血发作的风险似乎也有所增加，尽管尚未对此问题进行广泛研究。尽管偏头痛似乎与出血性中风有关，但偏头痛的先兆状态对这种关系影响很小。神经影像学研究显示偏头痛患者无症状结构性脑损伤的患病率较高。他们也更可能具有不利的血管危险因素；然而，在没有传统危险因素的偏头痛患者中，中风的风险增加更为明显。偏头痛-中风关联的机制尚不清楚。鉴于偏头痛先兆患者中风的风险较高，因此识别和改变任何血管危险因素非常重要。当前尚无直接证据支持偏头痛的预防性治疗可以减少偏头痛患者的未来中风。在没有传统危险因素的偏头痛患者中，中风风险增加似乎更为明显。偏头痛-中风关联的机制尚不清楚。鉴于偏头痛先兆患者中风的风险较高，因此识别和改变任何血管危险因素非常重要。当前尚无直接证据支持偏头痛的预防性治疗可以减少偏头痛患者的未来中风。在没有传统危险因素的偏头痛患者中，中风风险增加似乎更为明显。偏头痛-中风关联的机制尚不清楚。鉴于偏头痛先兆患者中风的风险较高，因此识别和改变任何血管危险因素非常重要。当前尚无直接证据支持偏头痛的预防性治疗可以减少偏头痛患者的未来中风。