Novel binary composite urea-formaldehyde/poly(butylene succinate) (UF/PBS) and its ternary nanocomposite UF/PBS/potassium dihydrogen phosphate (MKP) were prepared by a simple and scalable reactive extrusion approach using methylolurea (MU), PBS, and MKP as the raw materials. The results show that MUs react by melt polycondensation to form UFs with different polymerization degrees at the high temperature in the extruder, giving the two polymer components molecular segment-scale mixing in composites. Meanwhile, MKPs dissolved in the water generated by the melt polycondensation are perfectly confined to the nanometer scale during their precipitation process in ternary composites due to the hydrogen bonding interactions between them and UF and the "cage effect" of UF and PBS macromolecule chains. Both composites have excellent processability, mechanical properties, and slow-release performances. Compared with UF prepared by direct synthesis or reactive extrusion, N release speeds of the two composites are much lower in the early incubation stage but much higher in the subsequent stages; ternary composites can also impart MKP with excellent slow-release properties. This study can provide a good feasibility for large-scale applications of UF-based or PBS-based composites and nanocomposites used as slow-release fertilizers or other products in agriculture or horticulture.

中文翻译：

---

通过新型和可扩展的反应挤出工艺制备的可生物降解的尿素-甲醛/ PBS及其三元纳米复合材料，用于农业中的缓释应用。

新型二元复合脲醛/聚丁二酸丁二醇酯（UF / PBS）及其三元纳米复合物UF / PBS /磷酸二氢钾（MKP）是通过使用羟甲基脲（MU），PBS和以MKP为原料。结果表明，MUs在高温下通过熔融缩聚反应形成具有不同聚合度的UFs，从而使两种聚合物组分在分子级范围内混合。同时，由于它们与UF之间的氢键相互作用以及UF和PBS大分子链的“笼效应”，溶解在熔融缩聚产生的水中的MKP在三元复合物的沉淀过程中被完全限制在纳米级。两种复合材料均具有出色的加工性能，机械性能和缓释性能。与直接合成或反应挤出制备的超滤相比，两种复合物的氮释放速度在孵化初期要低得多，但在随后的阶段要高得多。三元复合材料还可以赋予MKP优异的缓释性能。这项研究可以为作为农业或园艺业的缓释肥料或其他产品的基于UF或PBS的复合材料和纳米复合材料的大规模应用提供良好的可行性。三元复合材料还可以赋予MKP优异的缓释性能。这项研究可以为作为农业或园艺业的缓释肥料或其他产品的基于UF或PBS的复合材料和纳米复合材料的大规模应用提供良好的可行性。三元复合材料还可以赋予MKP优异的缓释性能。这项研究可以为作为农业或园艺业的缓释肥料或其他产品的基于UF或PBS的复合材料和纳米复合材料的大规模应用提供良好的可行性。