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Postcombustion Capture or Direct Air Capture in Decarbonizing US Natural Gas Power?
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-09 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c00161
Habib Azarabadi 1 , Klaus S Lackner 1
Affiliation  

This analysis investigates the cost of carbon capture from the US natural gas-fired electricity generating fleet comparing two technologies: postcombustion capture and direct air capture (DAC). Many of the existing natural gas combined cycle (NGCC) units are suitable for postcombustion capture. We estimated the cost of postcombustion retrofits and investigated the most important unit characteristics contributing to this cost. Units larger than 400 MW, younger than 14 years, more efficient than 45%, and with a utilization (capacity factor) higher than 0.5 were found to be the most promising for retrofit. Counterintuitively, DAC (which is usually not considered for point-source capture) may be cheaper in addressing emissions from nonretrofittable NGCC units. DAC can also address the residual emissions from retrofitted units. Moreover, the economic challenges of postcombustion capture for small natural gas-fired units with low utilization, such as gas turbines, make DAC look favorable for these units. After considering the cost of postcombustion capture for the entire natural gas-related emissions and incorporating the impact of learning-by-doing for both carbon capture technologies, our results show that DAC is the cheaper capture solution for at least 1/3 of all emissions.

中文翻译:

燃烧后捕集还是直接空气捕集使美国天然气发电脱碳?

这项分析比较了两种技术:燃烧后捕集和直接空气捕集(DAC),研究了美国天然气发电车队的碳捕集成本。许多现有的天然气联合循环(NGCC)装置都适合燃烧后捕集。我们估算了燃烧后改造的成本,并调查了造成该成本的最重要的设备特性。大于400兆瓦,小于14年,效率高于45%且利用率(容量系数)高于0.5的机组被认为是最有希望进行改造的机组。与直觉相反,DAC(通常不考虑点源捕获)在解决不可改装的NGCC装置的排放方面可能更便宜。DAC还可以解决改装后的设备的残留排放。此外,对于利用率低的小型天然气小单位(如燃气轮机),燃烧后捕集带来的经济挑战使DAC看起来更适合这些单位。在考虑了与天然气相关的所有排放物的燃烧后捕集的成本,并结合了两种碳捕集技术的“边做边学”的影响后,我们的结果表明,DAC对于至少三分之一的排放而言是更便宜的捕集解决方案。
更新日期:2020-04-23
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