With an increase in life expectancy, the incidence of chronic degenerative pathologies such as dementia has progressively risen. Cognitive impairment leads to the gradual loss of skills, which results in substantial personal and financial cost at the individual and societal levels. Grapes and wines are rich in healthy compounds, which may help to maintain homeostasis and reduce the risk of several chronic illnesses, including dementia. This review analyzed papers that were systematically searched in PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and CAB-Abstract, using the association between grapes (or their derivatives) and their effects on cognitive functions in humans. Analysis was restricted to epidemiological and randomized-controlled studies. Consumption of grape juice (200-500 mL/day) and/or light-to-moderate wine (one to four glasses/day) was generally associated with improved cognitive performance, while the results for other alcoholic beverages were controversial and inconclusive. Bioactive molecules contained in grapes and wine were also considered, with particular attention paid to resveratrol. Due to the relatively high doses required (150-1000 mg/day) for bioactivity coupled with its low bioavailability, resveratrol is only one of the possible grape-derived compounds that may partly underpin the beneficial effects of grapes on the central nervous system.

随着预期寿命的增加，痴呆等慢性退行性疾病的发病率逐渐上升。认知障碍导致技能逐渐丧失，从而在个人和社会层面造成巨大的个人和财务成本。葡萄和葡萄酒富含健康化合物，有助于维持体内平衡并降低患多种慢性疾病的风险，包括痴呆症。这篇综述分析了在 PubMed、MEDLINE、Embase 和 CAB-Abstract 系统搜索的论文，使用了葡萄（或其衍生物）之间的关联及其对人类认知功能的影响。分析仅限于流行病学和随机对照研究。饮用葡萄汁（200-500 毫升/天）和/或轻度至中度葡萄酒（1 至 4 杯/天）通常与改善认知能力有关，而其他酒精饮料的结果存在争议且不确定。还考虑了葡萄和葡萄酒中所含的生物活性分子，特别注意白藜芦醇。由于生物活性所需的相对高剂量（150-1000 毫克/天）加上其低生物利用度，白藜芦醇只是可能的葡萄衍生化合物之一，可能部分支持葡萄对中枢神经系统的有益作用。特别注意白藜芦醇。由于生物活性所需的相对高剂量（150-1000 毫克/天）加上其低生物利用度，白藜芦醇只是可能的葡萄衍生化合物之一，可能部分支持葡萄对中枢神经系统的有益作用。特别注意白藜芦醇。由于生物活性所需的相对高剂量（150-1000 毫克/天）加上其低生物利用度，白藜芦醇只是可能的葡萄衍生化合物之一，可能部分支持葡萄对中枢神经系统的有益作用。