Mixed metal zero-mode guides (ZMWs) for tunable fluorescence enhancement,Nanoscale Advances

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Mixed metal zero-mode guides (ZMWs) for tunable fluorescence enhancement
Nanoscale Advances ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-25 , DOI: 10.1039/c9na00641a
Abdullah Al Masud ₁ , W Elliott Martin ₁ , Faruk H Moonschi ₂ , So Min Park ₃ , Bernadeta R Srijanto ₄ , Kenneth R Graham ₁ , C Patrick Collier ₄ , Christopher I Richards ₁

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Zero-mode waveguides (ZMWs) are capable of modifying fluorescence emission through interactions with surface plasmon modes leading to either plasmon-enhanced fluorescence or quenching. Enhancement requires spectral overlap of the plasmon modes with the absorption or emission of the fluorophore. Thus, enhancement is limited to fluorophores in resonance with metals (e.g. Al, Au, Ag) used for ZMWs. The ability to tune interactions to match a wider range of fluorophores across the visible spectra would significantly extend the utility of ZMWs. We fabricated ZMWs composed of aluminum and gold individually and also in mixtures of three different ratios, (Al : Au; 75 : 25, 50 : 50, 25 : 75). We characterized the effect of mixed-metal ZMWs on single-molecule emission for a range fluorophores across the visible spectrum. Mixed metal ZMWs exhibited a shift in the spectral range where they exhibited the maximum fluorescence enhancement allowing us to match the emission of fluorophores that were nonresonant with single metal ZMWs. We also compared the effect of mixed-metal ZMWs on the photophysical properties of fluorescent molecules due to metal–molecule interactions. We quantified changes in fluorescence lifetimes and photostability that were dependent on the ratio of Au and Al. Tuning the enhancement properties of ZMWs by changing the ratio of Au and Al allowed us to match the fluorescence of fluorophores that emit in different regions of the visible spectrum.

中文翻译：

用于可调谐荧光增强的混合金属零模波导 (ZMW)

零模式波导 (ZMW) 能够通过与表面等离子体模式的相互作用来改变荧光发射，从而导致等离子体增强荧光或猝灭。增强需要等离子体模式与荧光团的吸收或发射的光谱重叠。因此，增强仅限于与金属共振的荧光团（例如Al、Au、Ag) 用于 ZMW。调整相互作用以匹配可见光谱中更广泛的荧光团的能力将显着扩展 ZMW 的实用性。我们分别制造了由铝和金组成的 ZMW，也制造了三种不同比例的混合物（铝：金；75：25、50：50、25：75）。我们描述了混合金属 ZMW 对可见光谱范围内荧光团单分子发射的影响。混合金属 ZMW 表现出光谱范围的变化，它们表现出最大的荧光增强，使我们能够匹配与单金属 ZMW 不共振的荧光团的发射。我们还比较了混合金属 ZMW 由于金属-分子相互作用而对荧光分子的光物理性质的影响。我们量化了取决于 Au 和 Al 比例的荧光寿命和光稳定性的变化。通过改变 Au 和 Al 的比例来调整 ZMW 的增强特性，使我们能够匹配在可见光谱的不同区域发射的荧光团的荧光。

更新日期：2020-03-25

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