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Deviations in early hippocampus development contribute to visual hallucinations in schizophrenia.
Translational Psychiatry ( IF 5.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-25 , DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-0779-9
Arnaud Cachia 1, 2, 3 , Claire Cury 4, 5 , Jérôme Brunelin 6 , Marion Plaze 1 , Christine Delmaire 7 , Catherine Oppenheim 1 , François Medjkane 8, 9 , Pierre Thomas 8, 9 , Renaud Jardri 8, 9
Affiliation  

Auditory hallucinations (AHs) are certainly the most emblematic experiences in schizophrenia, but visual hallucinations (VHs) are also commonly observed in this developmental psychiatric disorder. Notably, several studies have suggested a possible relationship between the clinical variability in hallucinations′ phenomenology and differences in brain development/maturation. In schizophrenia, impairments of the hippocampus, a medial temporal structure involved in mnesic and neuroplastic processes, have been repeatedly associated with hallucinations, particularly in the visual modality. However, the possible neurodevelopmental origin of hippocampal impairments in VHs has never been directly investigated. A classic marker of early atypical hippocampal development is incomplete hippocampal inversion (IHI). In this study, we compared IHI patterns in healthy volunteers, and two subgroups of carefully selected schizophrenia patients experiencing frequent hallucinations: (a) those with pure AHs and (b) those with audio–visual hallucinations (A+VH). We found that VHs were associated with a specific IHI pattern. Schizophrenia patients with A+VH exhibited flatter left hippocampi than patients with pure AHs or healthy controls. This result first confirms that the greater clinical impairment observed in A+VH patients may relate to an increased neurodevelopmental weight in this subpopulation. More importantly, these findings bring crucial hints to better specify the sensitivity period of A+VH-related IHI during early brain development.



中文翻译:

早期海马发育的偏差会导致精神分裂症的幻视。

幻听 (AH) 无疑是精神分裂症中最具象征意义的经历,但幻视 (VH) 在这种发育性精神疾病中也很常见。值得注意的是,一些研究表明幻觉现象学的临床变异性与大脑发育/成熟的差异之间可能存在关系。在精神分裂症中,海马体(一种参与记忆和神经可塑性过程的内侧颞叶结构)的损伤与幻觉反复相关,尤其是在视觉模式中。然而,从未直接研究过 VH 中海马损伤的可能神经发育起源。早期非典型海马发育的一个经典标志是不完全海马倒置(IHI)。在这项研究中,我们比较了健康志愿者的 IHI 模式,以及精心挑选的两个经常出现幻觉的精神分裂症患者亚组:(a)纯 AH 患者和(b)视听幻觉(A+VH)患者。我们发现 VH 与特定的 IHI 模式相关。A+VH 的精神分裂症患者的左侧海马比纯 AH 患者或健康对照者更平坦。这一结果首先证实了在 A+VH 患者中观察到的更大的临床损伤可能与该亚群中神经发育重量的增加有关。更重要的是,这些发现为更好地确定早期大脑发育过程中 A+VH 相关 IHI 的敏感期提供了重要提示。(a) 纯 AH 患者和 (b) 视听幻觉 (A+VH) 患者。我们发现 VH 与特定的 IHI 模式相关。A+VH 的精神分裂症患者的左侧海马比纯 AH 患者或健康对照者更平坦。这一结果首先证实了在 A+VH 患者中观察到的更大的临床损伤可能与该亚群中神经发育重量的增加有关。更重要的是,这些发现为更好地确定早期大脑发育过程中 A+VH 相关 IHI 的敏感期提供了重要提示。(a) 纯 AH 患者和 (b) 视听幻觉 (A+VH) 患者。我们发现 VH 与特定的 IHI 模式相关。A+VH 的精神分裂症患者的左侧海马比纯 AH 患者或健康对照者更平坦。这一结果首先证实了在 A+VH 患者中观察到的更大的临床损伤可能与该亚群中神经发育重量的增加有关。更重要的是,这些发现为更好地确定早期大脑发育过程中 A+VH 相关 IHI 的敏感期提供了重要提示。这一结果首先证实了在 A+VH 患者中观察到的更大的临床损伤可能与该亚群中神经发育重量的增加有关。更重要的是,这些发现为更好地确定早期大脑发育过程中 A+VH 相关 IHI 的敏感期提供了重要提示。这一结果首先证实了在 A+VH 患者中观察到的更大的临床损伤可能与该亚群中神经发育重量的增加有关。更重要的是,这些发现为更好地确定早期大脑发育过程中 A+VH 相关 IHI 的敏感期提供了重要提示。

更新日期:2020-03-25
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