Fruits and vegetables continue metabolic processes after being harvested. In some produce, mainly climacteric fruits, these processes cause deterioration of the produce during storage. To reduce the deterioration rate, several strategies have been implemented for postharvest handling. One of these preservation strategies is modified atmosphere packaging (MAP). In this technology, the respiration rate of the produce and the gas permeability of the storage film are the two fundamental kinetic processes accounted for in designing the packaging system. To understand the relationship of these two kinetic processes during packaging in modified atmospheres, two major techniques have been presented from the standpoint of mathematical modeling: the classic respiration rate models and the reaction-diffusion model. In the classic model of respiration rate, four types of black box model approaches have been proposed: linear, polynomial, exponential, and the Michaelis–Menten kinetic models. For the last black box model, four types of inhibition approaches are considered: competitive, uncompetitive, noncompetitive, and, finally, a combination of competitive and uncompetitive inhibition. In the reaction-diffusion model, it has been considered that the transport of a species in modified atmosphere packaging (mass transport in the headspace and the film used as packaging) obeys strictly diffusive transport models. For this reason, the main objective of this review is to show the advances in the two major techniques (classic respiration rate models and the reaction-diffusion model) implemented to describe the MAP of fruit and vegetables, as described in specialized literature.

水果和蔬菜在收获后会继续代谢过程。在某些农产品（主要是更年期水果）中，这些过程会导致农产品在储存过程中变质。为了降低恶化率，已采取了几种策略来进行采后处理。这些保存策略之一是气调包装（MAP）。在该技术中，产品的呼吸速率和存储膜的透气性是设计包装系统时考虑的两个基本动力学过程。为了了解在修改后的气氛中包装过程中这两个动力学过程之间的关系，从数学建模的角度提出了两种主要技术：经典呼吸速率模型和反应扩散模型。在呼吸频率的经典模型中，提出了四种类型的黑匣子模型方法：线性模型，多项式模型，指数模型和Michaelis-Menten动力学模型。对于最后一个黑匣子模型，考虑了四种抑制方法：竞争性，非竞争性，非竞争性，最后是竞争性和非竞争性抑制的组合。在反应扩散模型中，已经考虑到，在改性气氛包装中的物质运输（在顶部空间的质量运输和用作包装的薄膜）应严格遵守扩散运输模型。因此，本综述的主要目的是展示用于描述水果和蔬菜MAP的两种主要技术（经典呼吸速率模型和反应扩散模型）的进展，如专业文献中所述。