Purpose

Results examining associations between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and depression, as well as on quality of life (QoL), are inconsistent. We aimed to determine whether individuals with MetS had decreased mental health-related QoL (MH-QoL) and higher frequency of depressive symptoms.

Methods

Data from 1,015 participants from the Fels Longitudinal Study were analyzed (mean age ± SD: 49.6 ± 18.7 years, 29.3% MetS, 51% females). MetS was determined using American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute criteria. Depressive symptoms (yes vs. no) were assessed with The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). MH-QoL (low (≤ 42) vs. high) was assessed with The Medical Outcomes 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36). Sex- and age-stratified mixed effects logistic regressions were used to examine the longitudinal relationship between MetS and MH-QoL while adjusting for covariates such as age, smoking status, and drinking status.

Results

In cross-sectional analysis, MetS was significantly associated with elevated depressive symptoms in women (OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.22–3.78, p < 0.01), but not in men. In the longitudinal analysis, MetS was observed to have a protective effect among men in the older age group as it approached significance (OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.11–1.05, p = 0.06).

Conclusion

MetS was adversely associated with depressive symptoms and poor MH-QoL. Our cross-sectional results suggest that depressive symptoms are higher among women with MetS. Interestingly, our longitudinal results suggest that MH-QoL in men with MetS may improve with age.

中文翻译：

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代谢综合征对与心理健康相关的生活质量和抑郁症状的影响。

目的

检验代谢综合征（MetS）与抑郁症之间的关联以及生活质量（QoL）的结果不一致。我们旨在确定患有MetS的个体是否具有与心理健康相关的QoL（MH-QoL）降低和抑郁症状的频率更高。

方法

分析了来自Fels纵向研究的1,015名参与者的数据（平均年龄±SD：49.6±18.7岁，MetS为29.3％，女性为51％）。MetS是根据美国心脏协会/美国国家心脏，肺和血液研究所的标准确定的。抑郁症状（是vs.否）通过《患者健康问卷9》（PHQ-9）进行了评估。MH-QoL（低（≤42）vs。高）通过《医学成果36项目简短形式调查》（SF-36）进行评估。按性别和年龄分层的混合效应逻辑回归分析了MetS和MH-QoL之间的纵向关系，同时调整了年龄，吸烟状况和饮酒状况等协变量。

结果

在横断面分析中，女性MetS与抑郁症状升高显着相关（OR 2.14，95％CI 1.22–3.78，p  <0.01），而男性则没有。在纵向分析中，随着年龄的增长，MetS对男性具有保护作用（OR 0.34，95％CI 0.11–1.05，p  = 0.06）。

结论

MetS与抑郁症状和较差的MH-QoL呈负相关。我们的横断面结果表明，患有MetS的女性的抑郁症状较高。有趣的是，我们的纵向结果表明，MetS男性患者的MH-QoL可能随着年龄的增长而改善。