Lead-zinc smelting slag (LZSS) is an industrial waste which is considered as hazardous waste due to the presence of heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cr and Cu). These heavy metals can be leached into the ecosystem to pollute the environment. Moreover, LZSS is utilized as the preparation of alkali-activated materials (AAM) because it is rich in aluminosilicates. In order to limit its leaching toxicity, LZSS is utilized to prepare AAM and achieve self-cementation solidification of its heavy metals in the current study. LZSS based alkali-activated materials (LZAC) with excellent compressive strength (96.14 MPa) were obtained through single factor and orthogonal experiments. The factors included in these experiments are temperature, Na₂O equivalent, waterglass module and water-cement ratio. The results of compressive strength and leaching experiments confirmed that LZAC could be used for construction purposes. The X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Field-emission scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectrometry results show that heavy metals are effectively immobilized in LZAC by chemical fixation and physical encapsulation.

铅锌冶炼渣（LZSS）是一种工业废物，由于存在重金属（Pb，Zn，Cr和Cu）而被视为危险废物。这些重金属可以浸入生态系统中，污染环境。此外，由于LZSS富含硅铝酸盐，因此可用于制备碱活化材料（AAM）。为了限制其浸出毒性，在当前研究中，LZSS被用于制备AAM并实现其重金属的自胶结固化。通过单因素试验和正交试验，获得了具有优良抗压强度（96.14 MPa）的基于LZSS的碱活化材料（LZAC）。这些实验中包括的因素是温度，Na ₂O当量，水玻璃组件和水灰比。抗压强度和浸出实验的结果证实了LZAC可用于建筑目的。X射线衍射，傅立叶变换红外光谱和能谱分析的场发射扫描电子显微镜结果表明，重金属通过化学固定和物理包封有效地固定在LZAC中。