A low-cost and green biorefinery will increase the economy and revenue from cellulose food waste biomass. Ultrasound and microwave-assisted Ternary deep eutectic solvents (TDES) pretreatment were developed to deconstruct the recalcitrant structure of garlic skin (GS) and green onion root (GOR) for further lignocellulose fractionation and cellulose enzymatic hydrolysis. In this study, the TDES consists of choline chloride (ChCl) as hydrogen bond acceptor, glycerin, oxalic acid, urea and metal chloride as hydrogen bond donor. The results showed that ultrasound (room temperature, 30 min) and microwave (80 °C, 20 min)-assisted TDES pretreatment resulted in notable removal of lignin. Under the optimum conditions (ultrasound frequency: 20+28+40 kHz; TDES: ChCl-Gly-AlCl₃·6H₂O (1:2:0.2); heating method: ultrasound microwave), the lignin removal rate of GS and GOR reached 90.14 and 92.34 %, respectively. Simultaneously, the cellulose content of GS and GOR was increased by 48.52 and 50.28 %, respectively, which was significantly enhanced by 1.94 and 1.45 times, respectively, compared to that of the original biomass without pretreatment. Besides, the content of the reducing sugar in the enzymatic hydrolysate of GS and GOR was 2.63 and 3.11 %, respectively. All these structural characteristics (FT-IR, XRD and SEM) confirmed the efficient fractionation of GS and GOR by ultrasonic and microwave pretreatment. Overall, this work demonstrated a novel and high-performance pretreatment method for eff ;ective lignocellulose deconstruction and cellulose digestibility.

低成本和绿色的生物精炼厂将增加纤维素食物垃圾生物质的经济性和收益。开发了超声波和微波辅助的三元深共熔溶剂（TDES）预处理，以解构大蒜皮（GS）和葱根（GOR）的顽固结构，以进一步分离木质纤维素和纤维素酶水解。在这项研究中，TDES由胆碱氯化物（ChCl）作为氢键受体，甘油，草酸，尿素和金属氯化物作为氢键供体组成。结果表明，超声（室温30分钟）和微波（80°C 20分钟）辅助的TDES预处理可显着去除木质素。在最佳条件下（超声频率：20 + 28 + 40 kHz； TDES：ChCl-Gly-AlCl ₃ ·6H ₂O（1：2：0.2）；加热方法：超声微波），GS和GOR的木质素去除率分别达到90.14％和92.34％。同时，GS和GOR的纤维素含量分别增加了48.52和50.28％，与未经预处理的原始生物质相比，分别显着提高了1.94和1.45倍。此外，GS和GOR的酶水解物中还原糖的含量分别为2.63和3.11％。所有这些结构特征（FT-IR，XRD和SEM）证实了通过超声波和微波预处理对GS和GOR进行了有效的分离。总的来说，这项工作证明了一种有效的木质纤维素解构和纤维素消化率的新型高性能预处理方法。