Abstract Background Previous eye-tracking research has demonstrated that high-calorie food cues capture visual attention, particularly in individuals with overweight and weight concerns. The present experiment investigated whether this attentional bias can be influenced by context variables (i.e., the presence of pleasant low-calorie cues), and changes over time. This was studied via time-course analysis. Method Ninety women (mean age = 25 years) were presented with 60 picture pairs (a 6 s) that either showed a combination of high-calorie food + low-calorie food, high-calorie food + non-food, or low-calorie food + non-food. The women were assigned to one of three groups (n = 30): overweight with weight concerns (OW+), normal-weight with weight concerns (NW+), normal weight without weight concerns (NW-). The relative number of fixations on (high-calorie) food cues was examined across the course of the picture pair presentations for one-second intervals. Results High-calorie food was fixated more often than low-calorie food and non-food only during the first second of the picture pair presentation. Subsequently, all participants (independent of the group assignment) showed the tendency to gaze on low-calorie cues when these cues were combined with high-calorie cues. Conclusion This study revealed timing-related context effects on visual food cue reactivity. While the early attentional bias to high-calorie cues could not be changed by context, this was possible during the later processing stage. Future studies need to examine whether the observed context effect can influence food choices and eating behavior.

中文翻译：

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食物线索加工的时程分析：对上下文影响的眼动追踪研究

摘要背景先前的眼动追踪研究表明，高热量食物线索会吸引视觉注意力，特别是在有超重和体重问题的个体中。本实验调查了这种注意力偏差是否会受到环境变量（即令人愉快的低热量提示的存在）的影响，并会随着时间的推移而变化。这是通过时间过程分析来研究的。方法 向 90 名女性（平均年龄 = 25 岁）展示 60 张图片对（a 6 s），这些图片显示高热量食物 + 低热量食物、高热量食物 + 非食物或低热量食物的组合食物+非食物。这些女性被分配到三组中的一组 (n = 30)：有体重问题的超重 (OW+)、有体重问题的正常体重 (NW+)、没有体重问题的正常体重 (NW-)。在以一秒为间隔的图片对展示过程中，对（高热量）食物线索的相对固定数量进行了检查。结果仅在图片对展示的第一秒内，高热量食物比低热量食物和非食物更容易被吸引。随后，当这些线索与高热量线索结合时，所有参与者（独立于小组分配）都表现出凝视低热量线索的倾向。结论 这项研究揭示了与时间相关的背景对视觉食物线索反应性的影响。虽然早期对高热量线索的注意力偏差不能因上下文而改变，但在后期处理阶段这是可能的。未来的研究需要检查观察到的背景效应是否会影响食物选择和饮食行为。