BACKGROUND Impaired social functioning is a core feature of schizophrenia spectrum (SZS) and bipolar spectrum disorders (BDS). Childhood traumatic events are more frequent in SZS and BDS than in healthy individuals (HC), and could represent a cumulative risk for reduced social functioning beyond experiencing ongoing clinical symptoms. METHODS The study comprised 1039 individuals (SZS [n = 348]; BDS [n = 262], and HC [n = 429]). Childhood trauma and level of social functioning was assessed by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and the Social Functioning Scale (SFS), respectively. Diagnosis was obtained by the Structured Clinical Interview (SCID) for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV). RESULTS Patients had poorer social functioning (F = 819.18, p ˂ 0.001, Cohen's d = 0.44) and reported more childhood trauma experiences than HC (X2 = 289.0, p < .001) than HC. Patients with at least one moderate to severe trauma had poorer social functioning than patients without childhood trauma (F = 8.16, p = .004, Cohen's d = 0.17). Within the patients, a cumulative relationship was observed in that more severe childhood trauma was associated with lower social functioning (F = 2.65, p = .02, Cohen's d = 0.20). No significant associations were observed for having at least one moderate to severe trauma or cumulative traumas on social functioning in the HC. Follow-up analysis showed that patients in remission childhood trauma also had poorer social functioning. CONCLUSION Patients who reported childhood trauma experiences had poorer social functioning both during an active illness phase and in remission.

中文翻译：

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在疾病活跃期和缓解期，儿童创伤与严重精神障碍的社会功能较差有关

背景社会功能受损是精神分裂症谱系（SZS）和双相谱系障碍（BDS）的核心特征。SZS 和 BDS 中的童年创伤事件比健康个体 (HC) 更频繁，并且可能代表除了经历持续的临床症状之外，社会功能降低的累积风险。方法 该研究包括 1039 名个体（SZS [n = 348]；BDS [n = 262] 和 HC [n = 429]）。儿童创伤和社会功能水平分别通过儿童创伤问卷 (CTQ) 和社会功能量表 (SFS) 进行评估。通过《精神疾病诊断和统计手册-IV》（DSM-IV）的结构化临床访谈（SCID）获得诊断。结果 患者的社会功能较差（F = 819.18, p ˂ 0.001, Cohen's d = 0. 44) 并且报告的童年创伤经历比 HC (X2 = 289.0, p < .001) 多于 HC。至少有一次中度至重度创伤的患者的社会功能比没有童年创伤的患者差（F = 8.16，p = .004，Cohen's d = 0.17）。在患者中，观察到一种累积关系，即更严重的童年创伤与较低的社会功能相关（F = 2.65，p = .02，Cohen's d = 0.20）。在 HC 中，没有观察到至少一次中度至重度创伤或累积创伤对社会功能的显着关联。后续分析表明，儿童期创伤得到缓解的患者社会功能也较差。结论 报告童年创伤经历的患者在疾病活跃期和缓解期的社会功能较差。