In this study, we posit that in determining the underpinnings and attributes of community resilience to disaster-shocks, an analysis of actual and potential disaster victims' emic perspectives, that is the views of cultural insiders, on recovery processes and community resilience is crucial. We argue that community resilience must be framed within a deeper understanding of the subjective views of the actors themselves, their local knowledge and culture, and the historical context of the place or social formation. In this context, the primary goal of this study was to delineate the fundamental elements of community recovery and attributes of resilience to cyclones, storm surges, and other environmental disaster-shocks in Bangladesh's coastal communities, and, recognizing that social actions are pivotal elements of community resilience, we attempt to make a novel contribution by underscoring local emic perspectives. Using the tools of participatory research methods, we collected empirical data from four sources: a household survey of 300 household heads, eight focus group discussions, 20 key informant interviews, and five in-depth, household case studies. Our research findings revealed that the roles of traditional-informal as well as quasi-formal institutions were vital for rapid recovery and transformation to new local economic and livelihood trajectories. Resilience attributes that were deeply embedded in community characteristics assisted in ameliorating immediate impacts as well as in building future adaptive capacities. Out of 12 resilience attributes identified by the respondents, 'knowledge, skills and learning', 'values and beliefs', 'people-place connection', 'social networks and support', 'active institutions', and 'self-organization' capacities were ranked highest. The community resilience attributes and their functionality in the context of the coastal communities studied varied significantly depending on their economic base, occupations, and their respective contexts of vulnerability. Overall, the findings demonstrate that community resilience attributes function interactively rather than independently, and analyses of community attributes therefore require a clear understanding of network functioning and the processes that drive institutional structures, relations, and outcomes.

中文翻译：

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社区抵御飓风和风暴潮灾害的能力：孟加拉国沿海社区的证据。

在这项研究中，我们认为，在确定社区抗灾能力的基础和属性时，分析实际和潜在灾难受害者的主观观点，即文化内部人士对恢复过程和社区抗灾力的看法至关重要。我们认为，社区应变能力必须建立在对演员本身，他们的当地知识和文化以及地方或社会形态的历史背景的主观观点的更深刻理解中。在这种情况下，本研究的主要目的是描绘社区恢复的基本要素以及对孟加拉国沿海社区对飓风，风暴潮和其他环境灾害的抵抗力的抵抗力，并认识到社会行为是艾滋病的关键要素。社区弹性，我们试图通过强调地方特有的观点做出新颖的贡献。使用参与式研究方法的工具，我们从四个来源收集了经验数据：对300位户主的住户调查，八次焦点小组讨论，20次关键线人访谈以及五次深入的家庭案例研究。我们的研究结果表明，传统非正式机构和准正式机构的作用对于迅速恢复和转变为新的当地经济和生计轨迹至关重要。社区特征中深深植入的抵御力属性有助于改善即时影响以及建设未来的适应能力。在受访者确定的12个弹性属性中，“知识，技能和学习”，“价值观和信念”，“ “人与地方之间的联系”，“社交网络和支持”，“活跃机构”和“自组织”能力排名最高。在研究的沿海社区中，社区的复原力属性及其功能因其经济基础，职业和脆弱性的情况而异。总体而言，调查结果表明，社区的适应力属性是交互作用而非独立地起作用，因此，对社区属性的分析需要对网络功能以及驱动机构结构，关系和结果的过程有清晰的了解。在研究的沿海社区中，社区的复原力属性及其功能因其经济基础，职业和脆弱性的情况而异。总体而言，调查结果表明，社区的适应力属性是交互作用而非独立地起作用，因此，对社区属性的分析需要对网络功能以及驱动机构结构，关系和结果的过程有清晰的了解。在研究的沿海社区中，社区的复原力属性及其功能因其经济基础，职业和脆弱性的情况而异。总体而言，调查结果表明，社区的适应力属性是交互作用而非独立地起作用，因此，对社区属性的分析需要对网络功能以及驱动机构结构，关系和结果的过程有清晰的了解。