As one of main directions of green mining, short-wall block backfill mining (SBBM) could provide active control of water-conducting fractures development and strata movement. Furthermore, it could solve the problem of gangue accumulation on surface. According to the physical similarity criterion and the characteristics of SBBM technology, the protection effect for surface water resources of SBBM was studied by physical similarity simulation tests. The results of tests had shown that SBBM decreased the water-conducting fractures development caused by strata movement after coal mining, and it has a significant effect in protecting surface water resources above the working face. Therefore, based on movement characteristics of overlying strata using SBBM, a mechanical analysis model was established under SBBM for a superimposed beams in elastic foundation with extended water-conducting fractures in overlying strata, furthermore, a method to calculate the height of water-conducting fractured zone (HWFZ) in SBBM was given, and the mechanical mechanism of water-conducting fractures development in overlying strata was revealed. The calculated HWFZ after SBM was only 2.0 m according to the mechanical model, whereas the measured HWFZ of the washing fluid loss and drilling TV imaging was 6.3 m in experimental SBBM working face. The field-measured data was closely consistent with the results of the tests (7.9 m) and the mechanical calculation (2.0 m), which verified the accuracy of physical similarity simulation tests and the mechanical model. The results of the study will enhance the recovery rate of coal resources, and they have a significant for protection of the ecological environment.

作为绿色开采的主要方向之一，短壁块体回填开采（SBBM）可以主动控制导水裂缝的发育和地层运动。此外，它可以解决煤石在表面堆积的问题。根据物理相似性准则和SBBM技术的特点，通过物理相似性模拟试验研究了SBBM对地表水资源的保护作用。试验结果表明，SBBM减少了采煤后地层运动引起的导水裂缝的发展，对保护工作面以上的地表水资源具有重要作用。因此，基于使用SBBM的上覆地层的运动特征，在SBBM下建立了弹性地基中叠加梁在上覆地层中存在导水裂缝的力学分析模型，并给出了计算SBBM中导水裂缝带高度的方法，并进行了力学分析。揭示了上覆岩层导水裂缝发育的机理。根据力学模型，SBM后计算出的HWFZ仅为2.0 m，而在实验性​​SBBM工作面中测得的洗涤液损失和钻井TV成像的HWFZ为6.3 m。现场测量的数据与测试结果（7.9 m）和力学计算（2.0 m）紧密一致，从而验证了物理相似性模拟测试和力学模型的准确性。