Osteosarcoma is a common, highly malignant tumor of the musculoskeletal system in young people. Compared with simple amputation in the past, the application of neoadjuvant chemotherapy significantly improved the 5-year survival rate and limb-salvage rate of tumor patients without metastasis. However, the survival rate of patients with metastatic disease treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy has remained stagnant over the past 30 years despite repeated attempts of adding neoadjuvant chemotherapy agents into the regimen or enhancing the chemotherapy drug dose. In this study, we revealed that macrophages, stimulated by neoadjuvant chemotherapy agents, could reduce the sensitivity of osteosarcoma cells to the drugs. Furthermore, we found that this phenomenon was strongly related to the secretion of the interleukin-1beta by macrophages. Our findings may provide new ideas for improving the efficiency of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for osteosarcoma.

骨肉瘤是年轻人常见的肌肉骨骼系统恶性肿瘤。与以往的单纯截肢术相比，新辅助化疗显着提高了无转移肿瘤患者的5年生存率和肢体抢救率。然而，在过去的30年中，尽管反复尝试将新辅助化疗药物添加到方案中或增加化疗药物剂量，但接受新辅助化学疗法治疗的转移性疾病患者的存活率仍处于停滞状态。在这项研究中，我们揭示了新辅助化疗剂刺激的巨噬细胞可以降低骨肉瘤细胞对该药物的敏感性。此外，我们发现这种现象与巨噬细胞分泌白介素-1β密切相关。