Abstract The operating temperature of bifacial photovoltaic (PV) module affects its power generation and reliability. Combined with view factor model of ground reflectivity on module backside, a thermal steady-state model is established to analyze the thermal performance of bifacial module in this paper. The module operating temperatures under three different installation conditions of roof cement ground, water surface and grassland are calculated and simulated by ANSYS software, and the experiments are designed to analyze and verify it. Based on the difference of reflectivity and heat capacity of different ground for the PV module installation, the effects of ground type and module material on bifacial module temperature and its mechanism are analyzed quantitatively. According to the simulation and experiment results, the operating temperatures of the bifacial modules installed on the roof cement ground, water surface and grassland are 44.7 °C, 41.5 °C, 43.2 °C respectively, under the setting environment condition with specific irradiance, wind speed and ambient temperature. The temperature difference of 1.7 °C–3.2 °C is caused by ground reflectivity and temperature. The operating temperature difference between glass-glass and glass-backsheet module is less than 0.4 °C under the standard condition. The conductivity and emissivity of encapsulation material does not show strong influence on module operating temperature.

中文翻译：

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双面光伏组件稳态工作温度的数学与实验分析

摘要 双面光伏（PV）组件的工作温度影响其发电量和可靠性。本文结合组件背面地面反射率的视​​角因子模型，建立了热稳态模型来分析双面组件的热性能。采用ANSYS软件对屋顶水泥地面、水面、草地三种不同安装工况下的模块工作温度进行计算模拟，并设计实验进行分析验证。根据光伏组件安装不同地面的反射率和热容量的差异，定量分析了地面类型和组件材料对双面组件温度的影响及其机理。根据仿真和实验结果，在特定辐照度、风速和环境温度的设定环境条件下，安装在屋顶水泥地面、水面和草地上的双面组件的工作温度分别为44.7°C、41.5°C、43.2°C。1.7 °C–3.2 °C 的温差是由地面反射率和温度引起的。在标准条件下，玻璃-玻璃和玻璃-背板模块的工作温差小于0.4°C。封装材料的电导率和发射率对模块工作温度的影响不大。1.7 °C–3.2 °C 的温差是由地面反射率和温度引起的。在标准条件下，玻璃-玻璃和玻璃-背板模块的工作温差小于0.4°C。封装材料的电导率和发射率对模块工作温度的影响不大。1.7 °C–3.2 °C 的温差是由地面反射率和温度引起的。在标准条件下，玻璃-玻璃和玻璃-背板模块之间的工作温差小于0.4°C。封装材料的电导率和发射率对模块工作温度的影响不大。