We investigate a solid-state, reversible, alkali-ion battery (AIB) capable of regulating the density of alkali atoms in a vacuum system used for the production of laser-cooled atoms. The cold-atom sample can be used with in-vacuum chronoamperometry as a diagnostic for the voltage-controlled electrochemical reaction that sources or sinks alkali atoms into the vapor. In a combined reaction-diffusion-limited regime, we show that the number of laser-cooled atoms in a magneto-optical trap can be increased both by initially loading the AIB from the vapor for longer, and by using higher voltages across the AIB when atoms are subsequently sourced back into the vapor. The time constants associated with the change in atom number in response to a change in AIB voltage are in the range of 0.5_s-₄₀s. The AIB alkali reservoir is demonstrated to survive oxidization during atmospheric exposure, simplifying reservoir loading prior to vacuum implementation as a replacement for traditional resistively-heated dispensers. The AIB capabilities may provide an improved atom number stability in next-generation atomic clocks and sensors, while also facilitating fast loading and increased interrogation times.

中文翻译：

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碱离子电池作为激光冷却原子源的动态表征

我们研究了一种固态可逆碱离子电池（AIB），该电池能够调节用于生产激光冷却原子的真空系统中碱原子的密度。冷原子样品可以与真空计时电流法一起使用，作为对将碱性原子注入或吸收到蒸汽中的压控电化学反应的诊断。在组合的反应扩散受限机制中，我们表明，可以通过以下方式来增加磁光阱中激光冷却原子的数量：既可以通过从蒸气中加载AIB的时间更长，也可以通过在AIB两端施加更高的电压来增加原子随后被送回到蒸气中。响应于AIB电压变化，与原子数变化相关的时间常数在0.5 _s - ₄₀的范围内s。事实证明，AIB碱液储罐可以在暴露于大气中的过程中抵抗氧化，从而简化了真空实施之前储罐的装载量，从而替代了传统的电阻加热分配器。AIB功能可以在下一代原子钟和传感器中提供改进的原子序数稳定性，同时还可以促进快速加载和增加查询时间。