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Synthesis of 12-Membered Tetra-aza Macrocyclic Pyridinophanes Bearing Electron-Withdrawing Groups.
The Journal of Organic Chemistry ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-25 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00188
Akop Yepremyan 1 , Magy A Mekhail 1 , Brian P Niebuhr 1 , Kristof Pota 1 , Nishanth Sadagopan 1 , Timothy M Schwartz 1 , Kayla N Green 1
Affiliation  

The number of substituted pyridine pyridinophanes found in the literature is limited due to challenges associated with 12-membered macrocycle and modified pyridine synthesis. Most notably, the electrophilic character at the 4-position of pyridine in pyridinophanes presents a unique challenge for introducing electrophilic chemical groups. Likewise, of the few reported, most substituted pyridine pyridinophanes in the literature are limited to electron-donating functionalities. Herein, new synthetic strategies for four new macrocycles bearing the electron-withdrawing groups CN, Cl, NO2, and CF3 are introduced. Potentiometric titrations were used to determine the protonation constants of the new pyridinophanes. Further, the influence of such modifications on the chemical behavior is predicted by comparing the potentiometric results to previously reported systems. X-ray diffraction analysis of the 4-Cl substituted species and its Cu(II) complex are also described to demonstrate the metal binding nature of these ligands. DFT analysis is used to support the experimental findings through energy calculations and ESP maps. These new molecules serve as a foundation to access a range of new pyridinophane small molecules and applications in future work.

中文翻译:

带有吸电子基团的十二元四氮杂大环吡喃并菲的合成。

由于与12元大环化合物和修饰的吡啶合成有关的挑战,文献中发现的取代吡啶吡啶并吡啶酮的数量有限。最值得注意的是,在吡啶并吡啶类的吡啶的4-位上的亲电子特性对引入亲电子化学基团提出了独特的挑战。同样,在少数报道的文献中,大多数取代的吡啶吡啶并菲被限于给电子功能。在这里,新的合成策略为四个带有吸电子基团CN,Cl,NO 2和CF 3的新大环介绍。电位滴定法用于确定新的吡啶并菲的质子化常数。此外,通过将电位测量结果与先前报道的系统进行比较,可以预测此类修饰对化学行为的影响。还描述了4-Cl取代物种及其Cu(II)配合物的X射线衍射分析,以证明这些配体的金属结合性质。DFT分析用于通过能量计算和ESP图支持实验结果。这些新分子为访问一系列新型吡啶并小分子及其在未来工作中的应用奠定了基础。
更新日期:2020-03-26
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