The western and central Pacific Ocean (WCPO) tuna fishery is one of the world's largest in terms of both catch volume and value, providing over half of global tuna catch with a landed value of US $5.84 billion in 2017. Fishing is conducted by both large‐ and small‐scale fleets, with fisheries subsidies disproportionately benefiting the former. The primary objective of this study was to determine the optimal distribution of effort between two large‐scale fisheries (LSF) and two small‐scale fisheries (SSF) in the WCPO under three scenarios: to maximize industry benefits, minimize subsidization or maximize food supply. The objective was approached using a bioeconomic game‐theoretic model. Results indicate opposite distributions of effort to maximize industry benefits (all fishing conducted by LSF) or to minimize subsidization (all fishing by SSF), with more balanced effort distributions to maximize food supply. Total value of capacity‐enhancing subsidies in optimal scenarios ranged from $1.4 billion when industry benefits were maximized to $0.2 billion when subsidization was minimized. Investigation of suboptimal scenarios reveals the flexibility of these results, with wide ranges in outputted state variables for a given goal. Difficulty was encountered in modelling the SSF sector due to data deficiencies, a well‐recognized issue in managing SSF. Investments towards “data equity” to help ensure that management decision‐making can properly account for the SSF sector would be useful. This study has implications for the objectives we set in fisheries management, and the potential trade‐offs, often value‐driven in nature, that we must make explicit in that management.

中文翻译：

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金枪鱼的权衡：在世界上最大的渔业之一中平衡利润和社会利益

就捕捞量和产值而言，西太平洋和中部太平洋金枪鱼捕捞业是世界最大的捕捞渔业之一，2017年全球金枪鱼捕捞量的一半以上着陆价值为58.4亿美元。拥有渔业补贴的小型和小型船队使前者受益匪浅。这项研究的主要目的是在以下三种情况下确定WCPO中两个大型渔业（LSF）和两个小型渔业（SSF）之间的最佳工作分配：最大化行业收益，最小化补贴或最大化食品供应。使用生物经济博弈论模型来达到目标​​。结果表明，为了最大程度地提高行业效益（所有捕鱼活动由LSF进行）或最小化补贴（所有捕鱼活动由SSF进行），工作的分配相反，分配更均衡的努力，以最大化粮食供应。在最佳情况下，提高能力的补贴总价值从行业收益最大化时的14亿美元到补贴最小化时的2亿美元不等。对次优方案的研究揭示了这些结果的灵活性，对于给定的目标，输出状态变量的范围很广。由于数据不足，在对SSF部门进行建模时遇到了困难，这是管理SSF时公认的问题。对“数据公平”进行投资以帮助确保管理决策能够正确说明SSF部门将是有用的。这项研究对我们在渔业管理中设定的目标以及潜在的取舍具有影响，这些取舍通常是价值驱动的，我们必须在该管理中明确指出。