This article reports on a detailed study of the wind characteristics and dynamic behaviour of a transmission tower, based on field monitoring during the passage of Typhoon Haima. It was found that the wind direction at the eye of the storm has an approximately 180° turn, and the mean wind speed shows an apparent M-shaped variation during the passage of the typhoon. The turbulence intensity and gust factor show significant decreasing trends with the mean wind speed. The turbulence integral scale increases with the mean wind speed at the landfall phase, while the tendency at the after-landfall phase is somewhat opposite. Compared with the empirical spectrum, the proposed normalised power spectrum agrees well with the measured wind spectrum. The identified fundamental frequency of the transmission tower decreases with the mean wind speed while the damping ratio increases due to the aerodynamic damping contribution, and their percentages could be very considerable at high wind speed. The structural damping ratio of the investigated transmission tower is close to the recommended amount of 1 percent in regional structural codes.

本文基于台风海马过境期间的现场监测，对输电塔的风特性和动力特性进行了详细研究。已经发现，风暴眼的风向大约旋转了180°，并且平均风速在台风通过期间显示出明显的M形变化。湍流强度和阵风因子随平均风速显示出明显的下降趋势。在登陆阶段，湍流积分尺度随平均风速而增加，而登陆后阶段的趋势则相反。与经验谱相比，提出的归一化功率谱与实测风谱非常吻合。所确定的输电塔基频随平均风速而降低，而阻尼比则由于空气动力阻尼的作用而增加，并且在高风速下其百分比可能非常可观。被调查的输电塔的结构阻尼比接近区域结构规范中建议的1％。