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Rsph4a is essential for the triplet radial spoke head assembly of the mouse motile cilia.
PLOS Genetics ( IF 4.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-23 , DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008664
Hiroshi Yoke 1 , Hironori Ueno 2 , Akihiro Narita 3 , Takafumi Sakai 1 , Kahoru Horiuchi 1 , Chikako Shingyoji 1 , Hiroshi Hamada 4 , Kyosuke Shinohara 1
Affiliation  

Motile cilia/flagella are essential for swimming and generating extracellular fluid flow in eukaryotes. Motile cilia harbor a 9+2 arrangement consisting of nine doublet microtubules with dynein arms at the periphery and a pair of singlet microtubules at the center (central pair). In the central system, the radial spoke has a T-shaped architecture and regulates the motility and motion pattern of cilia. Recent cryoelectron tomography data reveal three types of radial spokes (RS1, RS2, and RS3) in the 96 nm axoneme repeat unit; however, the molecular composition of the third radial spoke, RS3 is unknown. In human pathology, it is well known mutation of the radial spoke head-related genes causes primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) including respiratory defect and infertility. Here, we describe the role of the primary ciliary dyskinesia protein Rsph4a in the mouse motile cilia. Cryoelectron tomography reveals that the mouse trachea cilia harbor three types of radial spoke as with the other vertebrates and that all triplet spoke heads are lacking in the trachea cilia of Rsph4a-deficient mice. Furthermore, observation of ciliary movement and immunofluorescence analysis indicates that Rsph4a contributes to the generation of the planar beating of motile cilia by building the distal architecture of radial spokes in the trachea, the ependymal tissues, and the oviduct. Although detailed mechanism of RSs assembly remains unknown, our results suggest Rsph4a is a generic component of radial spoke heads, and could explain the severe phenotype of human PCD patients with RSPH4A mutation.



中文翻译:

Rsph4a对于小鼠活动纤毛的三联体径向辐条头组件至关重要。

运动纤毛/鞭毛对于真核生物的游泳和产生细胞外液流至关重要。运动性纤毛具有9 + 2排列,由9个双重态微管在外围具有动力蛋白臂,在中央具有一对单重态微管(中央对)。在中央系统中,放射状辐条具有T形结构,可调节纤毛的运动性和运动方式。最新的低温电子断层扫描数据揭示了96 nm轴突重复单元中的三种径向辐条(RS1,RS2和RS3)。但是,第三个放射状辐条RS3的分子组成是未知的。在人类病理学中,众所周知,the骨辐照头相关基因的突变会导致原发性睫状运动障碍(PCD),包括呼吸系统缺陷和不育。这里,我们描述了原发性睫状运动障碍蛋白Rsph4a在小鼠运动性纤毛中的作用。冷冻电子断层扫描显示,与其他脊椎动物一样,小鼠气管纤毛具有三种类型的放射状辐条,并且Rsph4a缺陷型小鼠的气管纤毛中缺少所有三重态辐条头。此外,对纤毛运动和免疫荧光分析的观察表明,Rsph4a通过在气管,室管膜组织和输卵管中构建放射状辐条的远端结构,有助于运动性纤毛的平面跳动的产生。尽管尚不清楚RSs组装的详细机制,但我们的研究结果表明Rsph4a是radial骨辐状头的通用成分,可以解释人类PCD患者的严重表型。冷冻电子断层扫描显示,与其他脊椎动物一样,小鼠气管纤毛具有三种类型的放射状辐条,并且Rsph4a缺陷型小鼠的气管纤毛中缺少所有三重态辐条头。此外,对纤毛运动和免疫荧光分析的观察表明,Rsph4a通过在气管,室管膜组织和输卵管中构建放射状辐条的远端结构,有助于运动性纤毛的平面跳动的产生。尽管尚不清楚RSs组装的详细机制,但我们的研究结果表明Rsph4a是radial骨辐状头的通用成分,可以解释人类PCD患者的严重表型。冷冻电子断层扫描显示,与其他脊椎动物一样,小鼠气管纤毛具有三种类型的放射状辐条,并且Rsph4a缺陷型小鼠的气管纤毛中缺少所有三重态辐条头。此外,对纤毛运动和免疫荧光分析的观察表明,Rsph4a通过在气管,室管膜组织和输卵管中构建放射状辐条的远端结构,有助于运动性纤毛的平面跳动的产生。尽管尚不清楚RSs组装的详细机制,但我们的结果表明Rsph4a是is骨辐状头的通用组成部分,可以解释人类PCD患者的严重表型。睫毛运动的观察和免疫荧光分析表明,Rsph4a通过在气管,室管膜组织和输卵管中构建放射状辐条的远端结构,有助于运动性纤毛的平面跳动的产生。尽管尚不清楚RSs组装的详细机制,但我们的研究结果表明Rsph4a是radial骨辐状头的通用成分,可以解释人类PCD患者的严重表型。睫毛运动的观察和免疫荧光分析表明,Rsph4a通过在气管,室管膜组织和输卵管中构建放射状辐条的远端结构,有助于运动性纤毛的平面跳动的产生。尽管尚不清楚RSs组装的详细机制,但我们的研究结果表明Rsph4a是radial骨辐状头的通用成分,可以解释人类PCD患者的严重表型。RSPH4A突变。

更新日期:2020-04-06
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