Self-perpetuating ecological-evolutionary dynamics in an agricultural host-parasite system.,Nature Ecology & Evolution

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Self-perpetuating ecological-evolutionary dynamics in an agricultural host-parasite system.
Nature Ecology & Evolution ( IF 13.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-23 , DOI: 10.1038/s41559-020-1155-0
Anthony R Ives ₁ , Brandon T Barton _{1,

2} , Rachel M Penczykowski _{1,

3} , Jason P Harmon ₄ , Kyungsun L Kim ₅ , Kerry Oliver ₅ , Volker C Radeloff ₆

Affiliation

Ecological and evolutionary processes may become intertwined when they operate on similar time scales. Here we show ecological-evolutionary dynamics between parasitoids and aphids containing heritable symbionts that confer resistance against parasitism. In a large-scale field experiment, we manipulated the aphid's host plant to create ecological conditions that either favoured or disfavoured the parasitoid. The result was rapid evolutionary divergence of aphid resistance between treatment populations. Consistent with ecological-evolutionary dynamics, the resistant aphid populations then had reduced parasitism and increased population growth rates. We fit a model to quantify costs (reduced intrinsic rates of increase) and benefits of resistance. We also performed genetic assays on 5 years of field samples that showed persistent but highly variable frequencies of aphid clones containing protective symbionts; these patterns were consistent with simulations from the model. Our results show (1) rapid evolution that is intertwined with ecological dynamics and (2) variation in selection that prevents traits from becoming fixed, which together generate self-perpetuating ecological-evolutionary dynamics.

中文翻译：

农业宿主-寄生虫系统中自我延续的生态进化动力学。

当生态和进化过程在相似的时间尺度上运行时，它们可能会交织在一起。在这里，我们显示了类寄生虫和含有可遗传共生体的蚜虫之间的生态进化动力学，这些共生体赋予了对寄生虫的抵抗力。在大规模的田间试验中，我们操纵了蚜虫的寄主植物，以创造有利于或不利于寄生虫的生态条件。结果是治疗种群之间蚜虫抗性的快速进化差异。与生态进化动力学一致，抗性蚜虫种群随后降低了寄生性，并增加了种群增长率。我们拟合了一个模型来量化成本（降低的固有增长率）和抵制的好处。我们还对5年的田间样本进行了遗传检测，这些样本显示了含有保护性共生体的蚜虫无性系的持续频率但变化很大。这些模式与模型的仿真结果一致。我们的研究结果表明：（1）与生态动力学交织在一起的快速进化；（2）在选择上阻止了性状变得固定的变异，这些变异共同产生了自我延续的生态进化动力学。

更新日期：2020-04-24

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