Climate change may lead to alterations in tree growth and carbon cycling. Interpreting the response of forest growth to climate change requires an understanding of the temporal and spatial patterns of seasonal climatic influences on the growth of tree species. However, the effects of climate change on pine forest dynamics in tropical region of Thailand remain poorly understood. This study develops three new tree ring-width chronologies of Pinus latteri (Tenasserim pine) in northern and northeastern Thailand and analyzes their climate-growth relationships and temporal stability. Ring-width chronologies of P. latteri at three sites showed significantly positive correlations with precipitation, relative humidity and self-calibrated Palmer Drought Severity Index (scPDSI) during the dry season (previous November to current April) and early rainy season (May–June). Conversely, significantly negative correlations were found between ring-width site chronologies and air temperatures (mean, maximum and minimum) from April to August. Therefore, our results revealed that radial growth of Tenasserim pines from northern and northeastern Thailand was mainly limited by moisture availability during the dry-to-wet transition season from April to June. Moving correlations revealed that Tenasserim pines in the lowland area of northeastern Thailand became more sensitive to moisture availability in recent 30 years (1985–2017) as compared with early period (1951–1984). Accompanying the shifted growth sensitivity to climate change, growth synchrony among trees was increasing and tree growth rates of Tenasserim pines have been declining during recent decades at two more moisture-limited sites in northeastern Thailand. Recent rapid warming and increasing drought during the transition season (April–June) together intensify climatic constrains on tree growth of Tenasserim pines in the lowland area of northeastern Thailand. Considering continued regional climate change, pine forests in tropical lowland areas may encounter intensified drought stresses, and thus, become more vulnerable to future climate change. Our results serve as an early indicator of potential effects of climate change on tropical pine species and raise concerns about sustainable managements of pine forests under a changing climate.

中文翻译：

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干旱敏感性的提高导致泰国东北松树的树木生长下降

气候变化可能导致树木生长和碳循环的变化。要解释森林生长对气候变化的响应，就需要了解季节性气候对树木生长的影响的时空格局。然而，气候变化对泰国热带地区松树林动态的影响仍然知之甚少。本研究开发的三个新的树木年轮宽度年表南亚松在北部和东北部泰国（德林达依松），并分析它们的气候生长的关系和时间稳定性。拟南芥环宽度年表在旱季（从十一月到目前的四月）和雨季初（五月到六月），这三个地点的降水量，相对湿度和自校准的帕尔默干旱严重度指数（scPDSI）呈显着正相关。相反，在四月至八月的环宽站点年代与气温（平均，最大和最小）之间发现显着负相关。因此，我们的结果表明，泰国北部和东北部的Tenasserim松树径向生长主要受到4月至6月干湿过渡期水分供应的限制。不断变化的相关性表明，与早期时期（1951-1984年）相比，泰国东北部低地地区的Tenasserim松树对最近30年（1985-2017年）的水分供应更加敏感。伴随着增长对气候变化的敏感性的变化，近几十年来，泰国东北部另外两个水分受限的地区，树木间的生长同步性不断提高，而Tenasserim松树的树木生长速率却在下降。在过渡季节（4月至6月），近期的快速变暖和干旱加剧，共同加剧了泰国东北部低地地区Tenasserim松树生长的气候制约。考虑到持续的区域气候变化，热带低地地区的松树林可能会遇到加剧的干旱压力，因此变得更容易受到未来气候变化的影响。我们的结果可作为气候变化对热带松树物种潜在影响的早期指标，并引起人们对气候变化下松树林可持续管理的关注。