Introduction In France, agricultural recycling of organic waste is widespread, but LCIs of organic waste treatments are scarce. This work presents LCIs of the most relevant organic waste treatments yielding residual organic amendments and fertilisers, and organic residue–based industrial processes yielding commercial organic amendments and fertilisers, in France. It also presents the results from a screening LCA performed on these LCIs. Material and methods LCIs were built from mainly secondary data sources. Four functional units were retained: 1 t fresh mass of final product and 1 t of N, P, or K in fresh mass. Economic allocation was applied, following the French Environment and Energy Management Agency position. The International Reference Life Cycle Data System 2011 suit for impact assessment was retained, and all impacts were expressed as single scores to facilitate comparisons. Organic wastes considered were liquid and solid manures, agro-industrial residues, sewage sludge, green wastes and harvest residues, and biowaste. Treatment steps modelled were stocking, shredding, sieving, and mixing of substrates; anaerobic and aerobic treatments; thickening, dewatering, drying, and pelletising; various biological and physicochemical treatments of phase-separated liquid fractions; and the industrial production of organic amendments and fertilisers. Comparisons were performed among products classified as amendments or fertilisers. Results and discussion LCIs of typical treatment routes are presented, complemented with screening life cycle impact assessment results. Dried sludge and treated solid fractions of agricultural digestates present consistently higher impacts than any other amendment, mainly due to their associated energy use, relatively low N contents, and the use of maize silage as input. These items contribute in average > 50% of the aggregated impacts. Untreated manure and slurry feature the lowest relative impacts for all functional units. Compost-based commercial organic amendments have similar impacts to other composts per t of fresh mass, but slightly lower per t of nutrients or C, due to the inclusion of additional nutrient-rich inputs. Regarding fertilisers, the impact intensity of commercial organo-mineral fertilisers and treated liquid fractions of slurry and agricultural digestate is within similar orders of magnitude. Manure-based digestates feature relatively low impacts per all functional units. Only some digestates and untreated poultry manure feature impacts similar to those of N mineral fertilisers. Conclusions Energy provision and direct emissions are the main contributors to impacts in organic waste treatments. Modelling choices such as the allocation of impacts to agricultural by-products heavily influence specific impact categories, mainly climate change. Overall, these results represent a needed contribution to background data used in agricultural LCA.

中文翻译：

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筛选法国有机添加物和肥料的 LCA

简介 在法国，有机废物的农业回收很普遍，但有机废物处理的 LCI 很少。这项工作展示了法国最相关的有机废物处理的 LCI，产生残留的有机改良剂和肥料，以及基于有机残留物的工业过程产生商业有机改良剂和肥料。它还提供了对这些 LCI 执行的筛选 LCA 的结果。材料和方法 LCI 主要是根据二手数据源构建的。保留了四个功能单元：1 吨新鲜质量的最终产品和 1 吨新鲜质量的 N、P 或 K。遵循法国环境和能源管理局的立场，应用了经济分配。保留了 2011 年国际参考生命周期数据系统适用于影响评估，并且所有影响都表示为单个分数以方便比较。考虑的有机废物是液体和固体肥料、农业工业残留物、污水污泥、绿色废物和收获残留物以及生物废物。模拟的处理步骤是放养、切碎、筛分和混合底物；厌氧和需氧处理；增稠、脱水、干燥和造粒；相分离液体馏分的各种生物和物理化学处理；以及有机添加物和肥料的工业生产。在归类为修正物或肥料的产品之间进行了比较。结果和讨论 介绍了典型治疗途径的 LCI，并辅以筛选生命周期影响评估结果。干燥污泥和处理过的农业消化物固体部分的影响始终高于任何其他改良剂，主要是由于它们相关的能源使用、相对较低的氮含量以及使用玉米青贮饲料作为输入。这些项目平均占总影响的 50% 以上。未经处理的粪便和泥浆对所有功能单元的相对影响最低。基于堆肥的商业有机添加物与每吨新鲜质量的其他堆肥具有相似的影响，但由于包含额外的营养丰富的投入物，每吨营养素或 C 的影响略低。关于肥料，商业有机矿物肥料和处理过的泥浆和农业消化液的液体部分的影响强度在相似的数量级内。基于粪便的消化物对所有功能单元的影响相对较低。只有一些消化物和未经处理的家禽粪便具有与氮矿物肥料相似的影响。结论 能源供应和直接排放是影响有机废物处理的主要因素。对农业副产品的影响分配等建模选择严重影响特定影响类别，主要是气候变化。总体而言，这些结果代表了对农业 LCA 中使用的背景数据的必要贡献。对农业副产品的影响分配等建模选择严重影响特定影响类别，主要是气候变化。总体而言，这些结果代表了对农业 LCA 中使用的背景数据的必要贡献。对农业副产品的影响分配等建模选择严重影响特定影响类别，主要是气候变化。总体而言，这些结果代表了对农业 LCA 中使用的背景数据的必要贡献。