The application of groundwater relief, i.e., dewatering, ascending wells, drilled upward from the mining tunnel into the overlying aquifer, is common in underground mining engineering. In this study, the seepage characteristics of single ascending partially and fully penetrating relief wells are investigated using a series of laboratory sand-tank experiments and numerical simulations. The seepage characteristics of ascending wells dewatering an overlying aquifer are different from those of conventional pumping wells descending from the ground surface into the underlying aquifer, because of the pronounced influence of the seepage face boundary condition along the seepage boundary of the ascending dewatering well. The seepage face of the ascending well is formed as the well casing remains open and water is discharged under the action of gravity through the well casing. The results of laboratory sand-tank experiments and modeling show that when the degree of penetration of an ascending relief well does not exceed a critical value, the effect of the seepage face cannot be ignored. In particular, the seepage flux increases as the degree of penetration increases following an exponential function, and the relationship between the seepage flux and the well radius can be described using a power law function. The results of numerical simulations are used to develop a series of type curves to evaluate the effects of the critical degree of penetration for different well radii and different aquifer water levels. Modified versions of the Dupuit and Dupuit–Thiem formulae for a single ascending partially well for the degree of penetration less than the critical one for the unconfined, confined, and confined-unconfined aquifers are developed.

中文翻译：

---

上覆含水层单升压井的渗流特性

地下水泄压的应用，即脱水、上升井，从采矿隧道向上钻入上覆含水层，在地下采矿工程中很常见。在这项研究中，通过一系列的室内沙罐实验和数值模拟，研究了单口上升部分和全贯通减压井的渗流特征。上升井脱水上覆含水层的渗流特征与常规抽水井从地表下降到下伏含水层的渗流特征不同，这是因为沿上升脱水井渗流边界的渗流面边界条件影响显着。上升井的渗水面形成于井套管保持打开状态，水在重力作用下通过井套管排出。室内沙池试验和建模结果表明，当上升浮雕井的渗透程度不超过临界值时，渗流面的影响不可忽视。特别地，随着渗透程度的增加，渗流通量遵循指数函数增加，渗流通量与井半径之间的关系可以用幂律函数来描述。数值模拟结果用于开发一系列类型曲线，以评估不同井径和不同含水层水位的临界渗透程度的影响。