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Interplay between Fingering Instabilities and Initial Soil Moisture in Solute Transport through the Vadose Zone
Water ( IF 3.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-24 , DOI: 10.3390/w12030917
Luis Cueto-Felgueroso , María José Suarez-Navarro , Xiaojing Fu , Ruben Juanes

Modeling water flow and solute transport in the vadose zone is essential to understanding the fate of soil pollutants and their travel times towards groundwater bodies. It also helps design better irrigation strategies to control solute concentrations and fluxes in semiarid and arid regions. Heterogeneity, soil texture and wetting front instabilities determine the flow patterns and solute transport mechanisms in dry soils. When water is already present in the soil, the flow of an infiltration pulse depends on the spatial distribution of soil water and on its mobility. We present numerical simulations of passive solute transport during unstable infiltration of water into sandy soils that are prone to wetting front instability. We study the impact of the initial soil state, in terms of spatial distribution of water content, on the infiltration of a solute-rich water pulse. We generate random fields of initial moisture content with spatial structure, through multigaussian fields with prescribed correlation lengths. We characterize the patterns of water flow and solute transport, as well as the mass fluxes through the soil column. Our results indicate a strong interplay between preferential flow and channeling due to fingering and the spatial distribution of soil water at the beginning of infiltration. Fingering and initial water saturation fields have a strong effect on solute diffusion and dilution into the ambient water during infiltration, suggesting an effective separation between mobile and inmobile transport domains that are controlled by the preferential flow paths due to fingering.

中文翻译:

指法不稳定性与溶质通过渗流带传输中的初始土壤水分之间的相互作用

对包气带中的水流和溶质输运建模对于了解土壤污染物的归宿及其向地下水体的传播时间至关重要。它还有助于设计更好的灌溉策略来控制半干旱和干旱地区的溶质浓度和通量。非均质性、土壤质地和湿锋不稳定性决定了干燥土壤中的流动模式和溶质传输机制。当土壤中已经存在水时,入渗脉冲的流量取决于土壤水的空间分布及其流动性。我们提出了水不稳定渗透到易于出现湿锋不稳定的沙质土壤期间被动溶质传输的数值模拟。我们研究了初始土壤状态对含水量空间分布的影响,关于富含溶质的水脉冲的渗透。我们通过具有指定相关长度的多高斯场生成具有空间结构的初始含水量的随机场。我们描述了水流和溶质传输的模式,以及通过土柱的质量通量。我们的结果表明,由于指法和渗透开始时土壤水的空间分布,优先流和通道之间存在强烈的相互作用。指法和初​​始水饱和度场对渗透过程中溶质扩散和稀释到环境水中有很强的影响,表明由于指法而受优先流动路径控制的移动和非移动传输域之间的有效分离。我们通过具有指定相关长度的多高斯场生成具有空间结构的初始含水量的随机场。我们描述了水流和溶质传输的模式,以及通过土柱的质量通量。我们的结果表明,由于指法和渗透开始时土壤水的空间分布,优先流和通道之间有很强的相互作用。指法和初​​始水饱和度场对渗透过程中溶质扩散和稀释到环境水中有很强的影响,这表明移动和非移动传输域之间存在有效分离,这些域由指法引起的优先流动路径控制。我们通过具有指定相关长度的多高斯场生成具有空间结构的初始含水量的随机场。我们描述了水流和溶质传输的模式,以及通过土柱的质量通量。我们的结果表明,由于指法和渗透开始时土壤水的空间分布,优先流和通道之间有很强的相互作用。指法和初​​始水饱和度场对渗透过程中溶质扩散和稀释到环境水中有很强的影响,表明由于指法而受优先流动路径控制的移动和非移动传输域之间的有效分离。我们描述了水流和溶质传输的模式,以及通过土柱的质量通量。我们的结果表明,由于指法和渗透开始时土壤水的空间分布,优先流和通道之间存在强烈的相互作用。指法和初​​始水饱和度场对渗透过程中溶质扩散和稀释到环境水中有很强的影响,这表明移动和非移动传输域之间存在有效分离,这些域由指法引起的优先流动路径控制。我们描述了水流和溶质传输的模式,以及通过土柱的质量通量。我们的结果表明,由于指法和渗透开始时土壤水的空间分布,优先流和通道之间有很强的相互作用。指法和初​​始水饱和度场对渗透过程中溶质扩散和稀释到环境水中有很强的影响,表明由于指法而受优先流动路径控制的移动和非移动传输域之间的有效分离。
更新日期:2020-03-24
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