Abstract A low temperature ionothermal method making use of deep eutectic mixtures (DES) as solvent medium is reported for the synthesis of sedorenkite type Na3MnPO4CO3. The synthesized material is electrochemically characterized as a cathode material for aqueous sodium ion batteries. The physical characterization of the synthesized material is done by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). The SEM and XRD data of the sample shows that the particle size is altering between 20 and 25 nm. Further, the electrochemical properties of the material are studied using cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge techniques. The CV profiles of Na3MnPO4CO3 in 5 M NaNO3 recorded at different scan rates show that the material undergoes reversible sodium ion insertion/de-insertion with a resistive behavior. Thus, the reaction is found to be diffusion controlled. The cell, NaTi2(PO4)3/5 M NaNO3/Na3MnPO4CO3 delivers a discharge capacity of 68 mA h g−1 at C/5 rate and retains a discharge capacity of 65.13 mA h g−1 up to 50 cycles with good rate capability.

中文翻译：

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Na3MnPO4CO3 作为水性钠离子电池正极：合成和电化学表征

摘要 报道了一种以深共晶混合物（DES）为溶剂介质的低温电离热法合成辉绿岩型Na3MnPO4CO3。合成的材料在电化学上被表征为水性钠离子电池的阴极材料。通过 X 射线衍射 (XRD)、扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)、能量色散 X 射线分析 (EDX) 和热重分析 (TGA) 对合成材料进行物理表征。样品的 SEM 和 XRD 数据显示粒径在 20 和 25 nm 之间变化。此外，使用循环伏安法和恒电流充放电技术研究了材料的电化学性质。以不同扫描速率记录的 Na3MnPO4CO3 在 5 M NaNO3 中的 CV 曲线表明，该材料经历了具有电阻行为的可逆钠离子嵌入/脱嵌。因此，发现该反应是受扩散控制的。NaTi2(PO4)3/5 M NaNO3/Na3MnPO4CO3 电池在 C/5 倍率下可提供 68 mAh g-1 的放电容量，并在 50 次循环后保持 65.13 mAh g-1 的放电容量，并具有良好的倍率性能。