Many differential gene expression analyses are conducted with an inadequate number of biological replicates. We describe an easy and effective RNA-seq approach using molecular barcoding to enable profiling of a large number of replicates simultaneously. This approach significantly improves the performance of differential gene expression analysis. Using this approach in medaka ( Oryzias latipes ), we discover novel genes with sexually dimorphic expression and genes necessary for germ cell development. Our results also demonstrate why the common practice of using only three replicates in differential gene expression analysis should be abandoned.

中文翻译：

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解码序列：改进差异基因表达分析的实用方法

许多差异基因表达分析是在生物重复数量不足的情况下进行的。我们描述了一种简单有效的 RNA-seq 方法，它使用分子条形码来同时分析大量重复。这种方法显着提高了差异基因表达分析的性能。在青鳉 ( Oryzias latipes ) 中使用这种方法，我们发现了具有性别二态性表达的新基因和生殖细胞发育所必需的基因。我们的结果还证明了为什么应该放弃在差异基因表达分析中只使用三个重复的常见做法。