It has recently been reported that intermittent fasting shapes the gut microbiota to benefit health, but this effect may be influenced to the exact fasting protocols. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of different daily fasting hours on shaping the gut microbiota in mice. Healthy C57BL/6 J male mice were subjected to 12, 16 or 20 h fasting per day for 1 month, and then fed ad libitum for an extended month. Gut microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene-based sequencing and food intake was recorded as well. We found that cumulative food intake was not changed in the group with 12 h daily fasting, but significantly decreased in the 16 and 20 h fasting groups. The composition of gut microbiota was altered by all these types of intermittent fasting. At genus level, 16 h fasting led to increased level of Akkermansia and decreased level of Alistipes, but these effects disappeared after the cessation of fasting. No taxonomic differences were identified in the other two groups. These data indicated that intermittent fasting shapes gut microbiota in healthy mice, and the length of daily fasting interval may influence the outcome of intermittent fasting.

中文翻译：

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每日禁食时间对小鼠肠道菌群形成的影响。

最近有报道说，间歇性禁食可以使肠道菌群有益于健康，但是这种效果可能会影响确切的禁食方案。这项研究的目的是评估不同的每日禁食时间对小鼠肠道菌群形成的影响。健康的C57BL / 6 J雄性小鼠每天禁食12、16或20小时，持续1个月，然后随意喂养一个月。通过基于16S rRNA基因的测序分析肠道菌群，并记录食物摄入量。我们发现，每天禁食12小时的组中的累积食物摄入量没有变化，而禁食16和20小时的组中食物的累积摄入量显着降低。所有这些间歇性禁食都会改变肠道菌群的组成。在属上 禁食16 h导致Akkermansia水平升高和Alistipes水平降低，但这些效果在禁食停止后消失。在其他两组中未发现分类学差异。这些数据表明，间歇性禁食会影响健康小鼠的肠道菌群，并且每天禁食的时间间隔可能会影响间歇性禁食的结果。