Key Points Intravaginal neomycin can pull CD8 T cells to the vaginal mucosa. Neomycin-recruited CD8 T cells become tissue resident and protect mice from HSV-2. Neomycin can replace recombinant chemokine CXCL10 in prime and pull vaccine. The presence of tissue-resident memory T cells at barrier tissues is critical for long-lasting protective immune responses. Previous work has shown that tissue-resident memory T cells can be established by “pulling” virus-specific effector T cells from circulation to the genital mucosa via topical vaginal application of chemokines in mice. Once established, these cells protect hosts against genital herpes infection. We recently showed that vaginal application of aminoglycoside antibiotics induces robust activation of the IFN signaling pathway, including upregulation of chemokine expression within the tissue in mice. In this study, we show that a single topical application of neomycin, an inexpensive and vaginally nontoxic antibiotic, is sufficient to pull CD8 T cells to the vaginal mucosa and provide protection against genital herpes infection in mice.

中文翻译：

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前沿：使用外用氨基糖苷类作为“启动和拉动”疫苗策略的有效拉动

要点 阴道内新霉素可将 CD8 T 细胞拉至阴道黏膜。新霉素招募的 CD8 T 细胞成为组织驻留细胞并保护小鼠免受 HSV-2 的侵害。新霉素可替代重组趋化因子CXCL10在初拉疫苗中。屏障组织中组织驻留记忆 T 细胞的存在对于持久的保护性免疫反应至关重要。以前的工作表明，可以通过在小鼠中局部阴道应用趋化因子，将病毒特异性效应 T 细胞从循环中“拉”到生殖器粘膜，从而建立组织驻留记忆 T 细胞。一旦建立，这些细胞保护宿主免受生殖器疱疹感染。我们最近表明，阴道应用氨基糖苷类抗生素会诱导 IFN 信号通路的强烈激活，包括小鼠组织内趋化因子表达的上调。