World population growth, together with climate changes and increased hidden hunger, bring an urgent need for finding sustainable and eco-friendly agricultural approaches to improve crop yield and nutritional value. The existing methodologies for enhancing the concentration of bioavailable micronutrients in edible crop tissues (i.e., biofortification), including some agronomic strategies, conventional plant breeding, and genetic engineering, have not always been successful. In recent years, the use of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) has been suggested as a promising approach for the biofortification of important crops, including legumes. Legumes have many beneficial health effects, namely, improved immunological, metabolic and hormonal regulation, anticarcinogenic and anti-inflammatory effects, and decreased risk of cardiovascular and obesity-related diseases. These crops also play a key role in the environment through symbiotic nitrogen (N) fixation, reducing the need for N fertilizers, reducing CO₂ emissions, improving soil composition, and increasing plant resistance to pests and diseases. PGPB act by a series of direct and indirect mechanisms to potentially improve crop yields and nutrition. This review will focus on the: (i) importance of legumes in the accomplishment of United Nations Sustainable Development Goals for production systems; (ii) understanding the role of PGPB in plant nutrition; (iii) iron biofortification of legumes with PGPB, which is an interesting case study of a green technology for sustainable plant-food production improving nutrition and promoting sustainable agriculture.

中文翻译：

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豆类生物强化作用和植物生长细菌在可持续农业时代中的作用

世界人口的增长，加上气候变化和隐性饥饿的增加，迫切需要寻找可持续和生态友好的农业方法，以提高作物产量和营养价值。现有的提高可食用作物组织中生物可利用的微量营养素浓度（即生物强化）的方法，包括一些农学策略，常规植物育种和基因工程，并不总是成功的。近年来，已提出使用促进植物生长的细菌（PGPB）作为生物强化包括豆类在内的重要农作物的一种有前途的方法。豆类对健康有许多有益的影响，即改善免疫，代谢和激素调节，抗癌和抗炎作用，并降低了心血管和肥胖相关疾病的风险。这些作物还通过共生固氮（N）固定，减少了对氮肥的需求，减少了二氧化碳，在环境中发挥了关键作用。₂排放，改善土壤成分，增强植物对病虫害的抵抗力。PGPB通过一系列直接和间接的机制来潜在地提高作物的产量和营养。这次审查将侧重于：（一）豆类在实现联合国对生产系统的可持续发展目标中的重要性；（ii）了解PGPB在植物营养中的作用；（iii）PGPB对豆类进行铁生物强化，这是一项绿色技术的有趣案例研究，该绿色技术用于可持续植物食品生产，改善营养并促进可持续农业。