This brief historical review focuses on durum wheat domestication and breeding in the Mediterranean region. Important milestones in durum wheat breeding programs across the countries of the Mediterranean basin before and after the Green Revolution are discussed. Additionally, the main achievements of the classical breeding methodology are presented using a comparison of old and new cultivars. Furthermore, current breeding goals and challenges are analyzed. An overview of classical breeding methods in combination with current molecular techniques and tools for cultivar development is presented. Important issues of seed quality are outlined, focusing on protein and characteristics that affect human health and are connected with the consumption of wheat end-products.

中文翻译：

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地中海地区硬粒小麦育种的现状和未来展望

这段简短的历史回顾集中于地中海地区硬粒小麦的驯化和育种。讨论了绿色革命前后地中海沿岸国家硬质小麦育种计划的重要里程碑。此外，通过比较新旧品种，介绍了经典育种方法的主要成就。此外，分析了当前的育种目标和挑战。概述了经典育种方法与当前分子技术和品种开发工具的结合。概述了种子质量的重要问题，重点关注影响人类健康并与小麦最终产品的消费有关的蛋白质和特性。