Abstract This study aims to investigate the deformation behavior of two-phase titanium alloy Ti–6Al–3Mo–2Zr–2Sn–2Nb–1Cr (TC21) during grind hardening (GH) process. According to dynamic material modeling (DMM) combine Kumar’s instability criterion, the processing maps were constructed to discuss processing properties of material. Results suggest that the ideal processing region is in the temperature of 880 °C, strain rate range 10−3-0.03s−1. The evolution mechanism of α phase was revealed using TEM microstructural analysis under different grinding conditions. It is interesting that, some secondary-precipitated α phase with approximate orientation usually combine to form lamellar α colonies, while some ones with different orientations split to short rod-like or globular structure particularly at higher grinding depth. The optimum grinding parameters for TC21 is at grinding depth range 60–90 μm, wheel speed of 20 m s−1 followed by aging treatment. Most of all, the GH technology has a significantly advantage than heat treatment for exhibiting higher micro-hardness and lower friction coefficient.

中文翻译：

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磨削参数对双峰起始显微组织TC21钛合金显微组织演化的影响

摘要 本研究旨在研究两相钛合金Ti-6Al-3Mo-2Zr-2Sn-2Nb-1Cr (TC21) 在磨削硬化(GH) 过程中的变形行为。根据动态材料建模（DMM）结合库马尔的不稳定性准则，构建加工图来讨论材料的加工特性。结果表明，理想的加工区域是在 880°C 的温度下，应变速率范围为 10-3-0.03s-1。通过TEM显微组织分析揭示了不同磨削条件下α相的演化机制。有趣的是，一些具有近似取向的二次沉淀α相通常结合形成层状α集落，而一些具有不同取向的α相分裂成短棒状或球状结构，特别是在更高的磨削深度。TC21 的最佳磨削参数是磨削深度范围为 60-90 μm，砂轮速度为 20 m s-1，然后进行时效处理。最重要的是，GH 技术比热处理具有显着的优势，因为它具有更高的显微硬度和更低的摩擦系数。