Abstract The paper develops a control scheme for a hybrid energy system, including a photovoltaic (PV) panel and a battery energy storage (BES) system. The capital cost of PV systems is considerably high today and it has been continuously trying to mitigate the manufacturing cost and also, several research works have been devoted to developing effective methods to maximize the power output of these generation systems. In this respect, the most efficient technique is named maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for solar PV systems. To this end, this paper utilizes the fuzzy controller and BAT algorithm (BA) to find the optimal values of the parameters of the controller for the MPPT. The presented framework is known as BAT-Fuzzy. Using the mentioned method, the membership functions of the input and output, which are triangular, are autonomously set. The results obtained from simulating the proposed model on a test system shows the superiority of the BAT-Fuzzy technique in terms of the preciseness and convergence rate, while taking into consideration altering values of solar irradiance and temperature. It also performs better, considering the efficiency of the system in practical cases. Besides, the impact of temperature variations and also, different states of the partial shading conditions (PSC) have discussed. The PV system alone does not produce power over some hours of the day and it should be operated jointly with a storage system to generate the required power over all hours of the day. The presented method is simulated using a test system and the results are compared to some well-known methods, verifying that the developed framework is associated with a fast response during transients with enhanced stability.

中文翻译：

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基于新型混合BAT-Fuzzy控制器的MPPT并网光伏电池系统的实现

摘要 本文开发了一种混合能源系统的控制方案，包括光伏（PV）面板和电池储能（BES）系统。今天光伏系统的资本成本相当高，它一直在不断努力降低制造成本，而且，一些研究工作已经致力于开发有效的方法来最大化这些发电系统的功率输出。在这方面，最有效的技术被称为太阳能光伏系统的最大功率点跟踪 (MPPT)。为此，本文利用模糊控制器和 BAT 算法（BA）为 MPPT 寻找控制器参数的最佳值。所提出的框架被称为 BAT-Fuzzy。使用上述方法，输入和输出的三角形隶属函数是自主设置的。在测试系统上模拟所提出的模型所获得的结果显示了 BAT-Fuzzy 技术在精度和收敛速度方面的优越性，同时考虑了太阳辐照度和温度的变化值。考虑到系统在实际情况下的效率，它的性能也更好。此外，还讨论了温度变化的影响以及部分阴影条件 (PSC) 的不同状态。光伏系统本身不会在一天中的几个小时内发电，它应该与存储系统联合运行，以在一天中的所有小时内产生所需的电力。所提出的方法使用测试系统进行模拟，并将结果与​​一些众所周知的方法进行比较，