Exposure therapy is a potential method for the treatment of eating disorders. The current paper reviews the literature on exposure interventions for eating disorders, including studies (N = 60) on exposure and response prevention (ERP), in vivo feared food exposure, mirror exposure, family-based treatment with exposure, and virtual reality exposure therapy. Mirror exposure alone or in the context of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) can decrease body dissatisfaction. The few controlled trials on ERP for binge and purge cues show only marginal benefit of ERP for binge or purge cues over and above other treatment methods such as CBT. In vivo exposure to feared foods may decrease state anxiety and increase caloric intake and body mass index, but research is limited. Virtual reality exposure could improve accessibility and feasibility of exposures in the clinical setting. A significant portion of the trials incorporated exposures into an overarching treatment such as CBT, body image therapy, or inpatient treatment, so the effects of exposure itself are difficult to parse apart. We discuss the state of the current literature in the context of learning theory and offer insights into new approaches to the application of exposure therapy in an eating disordered population.

暴露疗法是一种饮食失调的潜在方法。本论文回顾了有关饮食失调的暴露干预的文献，包括研究（N = 60）的暴露和预防反应（ERP），体内担心的食物暴露，镜子暴露，基于家庭的暴露治疗以及虚拟现实暴露疗法。单独使用镜子或在认知行为疗法（CBT）的情况下可以减少身体不满。很少有关于ERP用于暴食和通气提示的对照试验表明，ERP用于暴食或通气提示的边际优势超过了其他治疗方法（例如CBT）。体内接触令人恐惧的食物可能会减少状态焦虑，增加热量摄入和体重指数，但研究有限。虚拟现实暴露可以提高临床环境中暴露的可访问性和可行性。大部分试验都将暴露纳入了总体治疗中，例如CBT，人体图像治疗或住院治疗，因此曝光本身的影响很难解析。我们在学习理论的背景下讨论了当前文献的状态，并提供了对进食障碍人群中暴露疗法应用新方法的见识。