Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction offers an vital approach for nitrogen fixation in a green and sustainable way, but the low solubility of nitrogen and competing hydrogen evolution reaction still impede its further development. Inspired by the structure of gas-trapping hydrophobic hair on a subaquatic spider and the function of hemocyanin in the blood.

Here, an aerophilic-hydrophilic heterostructured electrode is constructed by aerophilic ultrathin porous Bi₅O₇I (UP-BOIN) nanotubes and hydrophilic carbon spheres. Besides, the electrolyte is functionalized with suspended ultrathin porous Bi₅O₇I nanotubes. The Faradaic efficiency is increased from 5.19% to 13.42%, and the ammonia yield is boosted from 7.96 to 31.46 mg h^-1 m^-2 by the new way at -0.4 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode under ambient conditions. Furthermore, the highest yield rate of 85.45 mg h^-1 m^-2 is achieved with a configured flow cell. This work presents a promising biomimetic strategy to boost electrocatalytic N₂ fixation proceed from electrode and electrolyte.

电催化氮还原以绿色和可持续的方式为固氮提供了重要途径，但是氮的低溶解度和竞争性的析氢反应仍然阻碍了它的进一步发展。受到水下水蜘蛛上诱集疏水性头发的结构以及血液中血蓝蛋白功能的启发。

在这里，由疏水性超薄多孔Bi ₅ O ₇ I（UP-BOIN）纳米管和亲水性碳球构成了疏水性亲水性结构电极。此外，电解质还用悬浮的超薄多孔Bi ₅ O ₇ I纳米管进行功能化。与环境条件下的可逆氢电极相比，采用新方法在-0.4 V下将法拉第效率从5.19％提高到13.42％，并将氨的产率从7.96 mg h ^-1 m ^-2提高到31.46 mg h ^-1 m ^-2。此外，最高产率为85.45 mg h ^-1 m ^-2通过配置的流通池可以实现。这项工作提出了一种有前途的仿生策略，以提高电极和电解质对电催化N _2的固定作用。