Growth kinetics of humins studied via X-ray scattering,Green Chemistry

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Growth kinetics of humins studied via X-ray scattering
Green Chemistry ( IF 9.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-20 , DOI: 10.1039/c9gc03961a
Ziwei Cheng _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5} , Konstantinos A. Goulas _{2,

3,

4,

5} , Natalia Quiroz Rodriguez _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5} , Basudeb Saha _{2,

3,

4,

5} , Dionisios G. Vlachos _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5}

Affiliation

We use ultra-Small Angle X-ray Scattering (USAXS) to investigate the evolution of size, morphology, volume fraction and number concentration of humins formed during dehydration of fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), and the further polymerization of HMF between 80–95 °C in 1 M hydrochloric acidic solutions. The radius of gyration (R_g) of suspended humins particles grows linearly with time and is accompanied by an increase in polydispersity (PD), before possible precipitation occurs. The scattering patterns indicate fractal-like structures. The apparent activation energy of humins growth is 102 ± 0.4 kJ mol⁻¹. The trends in the number of particles over time reveal competing processes entailing the continuous formation of new particles (nucleation) leading to increasing polydispersity with time and the aggregation of existing particles and possible precipitation. The direct observation of growth of humins indicates that humins form primarily from HMF rather than fructose.

中文翻译：

通过X射线散射研究腐殖质的生长动力学

我们使用超小角X射线散射（USAXS）来研究果糖脱水成5-羟甲基糠醛（HMF）期间形成的腐殖质的大小，形态，体积分数和数量浓度的演变，以及HMF在80至80在1 M盐酸溶液中–95°C。悬浮的腐殖质颗粒的回转半径（R _g）随时间线性增长，并伴随着多分散度（PD）的增加，然后才可能出现沉淀。散射图案指示分形结构。腐殖质生长的表观活化能为102±0.4 kJ mol ^-1。颗粒数量随时间变化的趋势揭示了竞争过程，这些过程需要不断形成新颗粒（成核），从而导致多分散性随时间增加以及现有颗粒的聚集和可能的沉淀。对人类生长的直接观察表明，人类主要是由HMF而不是果糖形成的。

更新日期：2020-04-24

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