The ornamental plant production in greenhouses is widespread. A quantitative assessment of greenhouse energy consumption and its variability in space and time is strategic to improve the sustainability of the cultivation. The specific environmental features of the cultivation areas can strongly affect the sustainability of the production. A dynamic simulation model of greenhouse energy balance with an hourly time step was developed and parameterized for a state-of-the-art greenhouse to evaluate the heating requirements for cut-flower roses. This ornamental crop has been used as model species for its high energy requirement for flower production. The energy demand for rose production has been analyzed with an energy balance model with an hourly time step. After a preliminary analysis on the period 1973–2019, the final analysis was carried out on the 30-year period (1990–2019), representative of the current climate. Results show a gradient southwest–northeast of energy needs with relevant effects on economic and environmental sustainability. More specifically, four large sub-areas are identified, namely the central-southern Mediterranean (yearly requirements below 600 MJ m⁻² year), the northern Mediterranean, and the area influenced by the mitigating effect of the Atlantic Ocean (600–1200), the central-European area (requirements of 1200–1800), and the Northern European area (above 1800).

中文翻译：

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欧洲和北非玫瑰种植的温室能源需求比较

温室中的观赏植物生产很普遍。对温室能源消耗及其在空间和时间上的可变性进行定量评估是提高种植可持续性的战略。种植区的特定环境特征会严重影响生产的可持续性。建立了一个动态的温室能量平衡模拟模型，该模型具有每小时时间步长，并针对最先进的温室进行了参数化，以评估切花玫瑰的供暖需求。这种观赏作物因其对花卉生产的高能量需求而被用作典范物种。玫瑰产量的能源需求已通过每小时时间步长的能源平衡模型进行了分析。经过对1973-2019年的初步分析，最终分析是在30年期间（1990-2019年）进行的，代表了当前的气候。结果表明，西南至东北的能源需求梯度对经济和环境的可持续发展具有相关影响。更具体地说，确定了四个大的子区域，即地中海中南部（每年需求量低于600 MJ m⁻²年），北部地中海以及受大西洋（600–1200），中欧地区（要求1200–1800）和北欧地区（1800以上）的缓解影响的地区。