Two agricultural wastes, Chinese medicinal herbal residue and spent Pleurotus ostreatus substrate, were developed to remove ammonium and phosphate from swine wastewater. These adsorbents were mesoporous materials with abundant smooth layered pores, and rough protuberances and grooves, respectively. Their adsorption capacities were 1131.65 and 1631.79 mg N g^–1, and 63.41 and 62.58 mg P g^–1 at pH 8.0, dosage of 0.2 g L^–1 and contact time of 360 min. And kinetics data of ammonium and phosphate fitted best with the intra–particle diffusion and pseudo–second–order models, respectively. Based on the point of zero charge, FTIR and XPS analyses, ammonium was removed mainly by electrostatic attraction, ion exchange and surface precipitation, while phosphate was by ligand exchange, surface complexation and precipitation. Therefore, the two agricultural wastes have great potential to synchronously remove ammonium and phosphate from swine wastewater.

开发了两种农业废料，即中草药残留物和用过的平菇废料，以去除猪废水中的铵和磷酸盐。这些吸附剂是介孔材料，具有丰富的光滑层状孔隙，粗糙的突起和凹槽。在pH 8.0时，其吸附量分别为1131.65和1631.79 mg N g ^–1，以及63.41和62.58 mg P g ^–1，剂量为0.2 g L ^–1和接触时间为360分钟。铵和磷酸盐的动力学数据分别与颗粒内扩散模型和拟二级模型最吻合。基于零电荷点，FTIR和XPS分析，主要通过静电吸引，离子交换和表面沉淀除去铵，而通过配体交换，表面络合和沉淀除去磷酸盐。因此，这两种农业废弃物具有从猪场废水中同步去除铵和磷酸盐的巨大潜力。