Abstract Although the prime causation of the Late Devonian Frasnian–Famennian (F–F) mass extinction remains conjectural, such destructive factors as the spread of anoxia and rapid upheavals in the runaway greenhouse climate are generally accepted in the Earth-bound multicausal scenario. In terms of prime triggers of these global changes, volcanism paroxysm coupled with the Eovariscan tectonism has been suspected for many years. However, the recent discovery of multiple anomalous mercury enrichments at the worldwide scale provides a reliable factual basis for proposing a volcanic–tectonic scenario for the stepwise F–F ecological catastrophe, specifically the Kellwasser (KW) Crisis. A focus is usually on the cataclysmic emplacement of the Viluy large igneous province (LIP) in eastern Siberia. However, the long-lasted effusive outpouring was likely episodically paired with amplified arc magmatism and hydrothermal activity, and the rapid climate oscillations and glacioustatic responses could in fact have been promoted by diverse feedbacks driven by volcanism and tectonics. The anti-greenhouse effect of expanding intertidal–estuarine and riparian woodlands during transient CO2-greenhouse spikes was another key feedback on Late Devonian land. An updated volcanic press-pulse model is proposed with reference to the recent timing of LIPs and arc magmatism and the revised date of 371.9 Ma for the F–F boundary. The global changes were initiated by the pre-KW effusive activity of LIPs, which caused extreme stress in the global carbonate ecosystem. Nevertheless, at least two decisive pulses of sill-type intrusions and/or kimberlite/carbonatite eruptions, in addition to flood basalt extrusions on the East European Platform, are thought to have eventually led to the end-Frasnian ecological catastrophe. These stimuli have been enhanced by effective orbital modulation. An attractive option is to apply the scenario to other Late Devonian global events, as evidences in particular by the Hg spikes that coincide with the end-Famennian Hangenberg Crisis.

中文翻译：

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Frasnian-Famennian 主要生物危机和其他晚泥盆世全球变化的火山情景：答案多于问题？

摘要 尽管晚泥盆世弗拉尼阶-法门阶（F-F）大灭绝的主要原因仍然是推测，但在地球上的多因果情景中，缺氧的蔓延和失控的温室气候中的快速动荡等破坏性因素已被普遍接受。就这些全球变化的主要触发因素而言，多年来一直怀疑火山爆发与始变日构造作用相结合。然而，最近在世界范围内发现的多个异常汞富集为提出逐步 F-F 生态灾难，特别是 Kellwasser (KW) 危机的火山-构造情景提供了可靠的事实基础。焦点通常是在西伯利亚东部的维卢大火成岩省 (LIP) 的灾难性侵位。然而，持续时间长的喷涌可能与弧形岩浆活动和热液活动的放大相伴，而快速的气候振荡和冰川反应实际上可能是由火山活动和构造驱动的多种反馈促进的。在瞬态 CO2 温室峰值期间扩大潮间带 - 河口和河岸林地的反温室效应是晚泥盆世土地的另一个关键反馈。参考 LIP 和弧岩浆活动的近期时间以及 F-F 边界的 371.9 Ma 修订日期，提出了更新的火山压力脉冲模型。全球变化是由 LIPs 的前 KW 溢流活动引发的，这导致了全球碳酸盐生态系统的极端压力。尽管如此，至少有两次决定性的窗台型侵入和/或金伯利岩/碳酸岩喷发脉冲，除了东欧地台上的洪水玄武岩挤压外，人们认为最终导致了弗拉斯尼亚末期的生态灾难。这些刺激已通过有效的轨道调制得到增强。一个有吸引力的选择是将该情景应用于其他晚泥盆世全球事件，特别是与法门年末汉根堡危机同时发生的汞峰值就是证据。