Dendritic cells (DCs) are considered as professional antigen presenting cells (APCs), containing a variety of subsets, that can be resident in organs or migrating among the lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs. In a normal steady condition, DCs concomitantly process and present antigens on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II. However, they are further activated after exposing to antigens. Recently, several approaches have been exerted to improve antigen presentation potency, to elicit powerful immune responses against tumor cells. In DC-based cancer immunotherapy, DC is obtained from patient and modulated ex vivo in order to entice the immune system toward tumor elimination. Several approaches have been on the evaluation for long-term anti-tumor immune responses by DCs. On the other side, combination of DC vaccines with other cancer therapies, like chemotherapy and monoclonal antibodies could confer efficient cancer therapeutics. In this review article, we first go through the immunobiology of DC, and development of DC vaccines. Then, we concentrate on the DC immunotherapy by highlighting combinational approaches to enhance the efficacy of cancer treatment strategies.

中文翻译：

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树突状细胞疗法在癌症治疗中的作用；最先进的。

树突状细胞（DC）被认为是专业抗原呈递细胞（APC），包含多种亚型，可以驻留在器官中或在淋巴器官和非淋巴器官之间迁移。在正常的稳定状态下，DC伴随处理并呈递I型和II型主要组织相容性复合物（MHC）上的抗原。然而，它们在暴露于抗原后被进一步激活。最近，已经采取了几种方法来改善抗原呈递能力，以引发针对肿瘤细胞的强大免疫反应。在基于DC的癌症免疫治疗中，DC是从患者那里获得的，并进行离体调节，以诱使免疫系统消除肿瘤。评估DCs长期抗肿瘤免疫反应的方法有几种。另一方面，DC疫苗与其他癌症疗法（如化学疗法和单克隆抗体）的结合可以提供有效的癌症疗法。在这篇综述文章中，我们首先研究DC的免疫生物学以及DC疫苗的开发。然后，我们通过重点介绍可增强癌症治疗策略功效的组合方法来专注于DC免疫疗法。