While the Xpert MTB/RIF assay (Cepheid Sunnyvale, CA, USA) has greater than 95% sensitivity for identifying acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear-positive tuberculosis (TB) cases, for smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) the sensitivity was as low as 60% [1, 2]. To address the low sensitivity of current TB diagnostics for AFB smear-negative cases, we developed a simple and label-free pathogen enrichment using homobifunctional imidoesters (HIs) using a microfluidic (SLIM) platform followed by conventional Mycobacterium tuberculosis PCR to extract low amounts of pathogens from clinical samples [3]. In this study, we compared the diagnostic performance of the SLIM assay with the Xpert MTB/RIF for PTB diagnosis in a country with an intermediate TB burden and a low human immunodeficiency virus burden. The SLIM assay was performed by using 1 mL and 2 mL aliquots of sputum, respectively. A new simple pathogen enrichment system, the SLIM assay, is sensitive for AFB smear-negative cases compared to the Xpert MTB/RIF assay for the rapid detection of pulmonary tuberculosis http://bit.ly/37lUHTh

中文翻译：

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新一代病原体富集技术基于基因诊断结核病

虽然 Xpert MTB/RIF 检测（Cepheid Sunnyvale，CA，USA）在识别抗酸杆菌 (AFB) 涂片阳性结核病 (TB) 病例方面具有超过 95% 的灵敏度，但对于涂片阴性肺结核 (PTB) 的敏感性低至 60% [1, 2]。为了解决当前 TB 诊断对 AFB 涂片阴性病例的低敏感性问题，我们开发了一种简单且无标记的病原体富集，使用同型双功能亚胺酯 (HI) 使用微流体 (SLIM) 平台，然后是传统的结核分枝杆菌 PCR 以提取少量的来自临床样本的病原体[3]。在这项研究中，我们比较了 SLIM 检测与 Xpert MTB/RIF 在一个中等结核病负担和低人类免疫缺陷病毒负担国家进行 PTB 诊断的诊断性能。SLIM 测定分别使用 1 mL 和 2 mL 等份的痰液进行。与快速检测肺结核的 Xpert MTB/RIF 检测相比，一种新的简单病原体富集系统 SLIM 检测对 AFB 涂片阴性病例更敏感 http://bit.ly/37lUHTh