Transplantation of islets purified from donor pancreata is one of only a few clinical strategies that can reverse type 1 diabetes (T1D) and restore glycemic control (1–3). Significant progress has been made by improving transplantation strategies in areas including immune suppressive regimes, islet quality, transplanted β-cell mass and purity, and donor selection (4–6). However, while improved metabolic control and reduced glycemic side effects such as hypoglycemia persist long term in the majority of T1D patients, insulin independence beyond 1 year is only achieved in a minority of cases (2). Early loss of islet mass upon portal vein infusion is believed to have a major negative impact (7). Recurrence of insulitis, the hallmark of T1D immunopathogenesis leading to autoimmune mediated β-cell destruction, and islet allograft rejection pose additional therapeutic hurdles (8,9).

中文翻译：

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改善临床胰岛移植结果

从供体胰腺中纯化的胰岛移植是少数可以逆转1型糖尿病（T1D）并恢复血糖控制的临床策略之一（1-3）。通过改善免疫抑制方案，胰岛质量，移植的β细胞质量和纯度以及供体选择等领域的移植策略，已取得了重大进展（4-6）。然而，尽管大多数T1D患者长期持续改善代谢控制和降低血糖副作用（例如低血糖），但只有少数病例可实现1年以上的胰岛素独立性（2）。输注门静脉后胰岛肿块的早期丧失被认为具有重大的负面影响（7）。胰岛炎的复发，T1D免疫发病机制的标志，导致自身免疫介导的β细胞破坏，