A thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) membrane was developed by integrating zwitterionic polymeric nanoparticles into the active layer of the membranes. High surface area zwitterionic polymeric nanoparticles (370 m²/g) were developed through distillation–precipitation polymerization (DPP). Sodium 4-vinylbenzenesulfonate (SVBS) was used as the monomer and N,N′-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBAAm) utilized as the cross-linking agent. l-cysteine (l-Cys) was tethered to these matrices through thiol–ene reaction. The as-synthesized zwitterionic P(MBAAm-co-SVBS)@l-Cys nanoparticles were dispersed into the organic solution of trimesoyl chloride (TMC) to be integrated into the polyamide (PA) selective layer of thin film nanofiltration membranes. The PA layer was synthesized by interfacial polymerization through the reaction of 2% (w/v) of piperazine (PIP) in the aqueous phase and 0.15% (w/v) of the TMC solution. The fabricated TFN membranes exhibited pure water permeability (J_w) of 11.4 L/m²h bar and salt rejection value of 97.6% and 16.9%, for sodium sulfate and sodium chloride, respectively. The fabricated membranes demonstrated metal ion removal efficiencies of 99.48% and 95.67% for Pb²⁺ and Cd²⁺ ions, respectively.

中文翻译：

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两性离子聚合物纳米粒子在界面聚合中的离子分离集成。

通过将两性离子聚合物纳米粒子整合到薄膜的活性层中，开发出了一种薄膜纳米复合材料（TFN）薄膜。高表面积两性离子聚合物纳米颗粒（370 m ² / g）通过蒸馏-沉淀聚合（DPP）开发。将4-乙烯基苯磺酸钠（SVBS）用作单体，并将N，N'-亚甲基双（丙烯酰胺）（MBAAm）用作交联剂。l-半胱氨酸（l -Cys）通过硫醇-烯反应被束缚在这些基质上。所合成的两性离子P（MBAAm-共-SVBS）@升-Cys纳米粒子被分散到均苯三甲酰氯（TMC）的有机溶液中，以整合到薄膜纳米过滤膜的聚酰胺（PA）选择性层中。通过2％（w / v）的哌嗪（PIP）在水相中和0.15％（w / v）的TMC溶液反应，通过界面聚合合成PA层。制备的TFN膜对硫酸钠和氯化钠的纯水渗透率（J _w）为11.4 L / m ² h bar，脱盐率分别为97.6％和16.9％。制成的膜对Pb ²⁺和Cd ²⁺离子的金属离子去除效率分别为99.48％和95.67％。