Icing on the surface of wind turbine blades is one of the most critical problems for wind turbines installed at sites in cold climate. It can significantly affect the performance of the entire wind turbine. A number of deicing methods and techniques have been developed to address this problem. However, first of all, timely icing detection and estimation can provide the necessary information, such as the amount and location of icing, which are very useful for optimizing the deicing process. In this work, first, the thermodynamic processes during icing on the surface of wind turbine blades were presented to understand the characteristics of the varying temperature related to icing process. In the experimental section, a wind turbine blade model was tested in the low‐temperature laboratory. High‐performance distributed fiber optic sensors were attached to the surface of the wind turbine blade to measure the temperature change. This sensor can provide the temperature information as much as possible, which enables the identification of the initiation time of icing and the estimation of the amount of icing. As a result, the relationship between the amount of icing and the temperature change can be obtained. It indicates that the proposed estimation method is efficient and sensitive for ice monitoring of wind turbine blades. Finally, finite element analysis was implemented to explore the effects of airflow on the temperature curves.

中文翻译：

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使用分布式光纤传感器通过界面温度估算风力涡轮机叶片的结冰

风力涡轮机叶片表面结冰是寒冷地区安装在风力涡轮机上的最关键问题之一。它会严重影响整个风力涡轮机的性能。已经开发出许多除冰方法和技术来解决这个问题。但是，首先，及时的结冰检测和估算可以提供必要的信息，例如结冰的数量和位置，这对于优化除冰过程非常有用。在这项工作中，首先，介绍了在风力涡轮机叶片表面结冰过程中的热力学过程，以了解与结冰过程有关的温度变化特征。在实验部分，在低温实验室测试了风力涡轮机叶片模型。高性能分布式光纤传感器连接到风力涡轮机叶片的表面，以测量温度变化。该传感器可以提供尽可能多的温度信息，从而可以确定结冰的起始时间并估算结冰量。结果，可以获得结冰量与温度变化之间的关系。这表明所提出的估计方法对于风力涡轮机叶片的冰监测是有效且灵敏的。最后，进行了有限元分析，以探讨气流对温度曲线的影响。这样就可以确定结冰的开始时间并估算结冰量。结果，可以获得结冰量与温度变化之间的关系。这表明所提出的估计方法对于风力涡轮机叶片的冰监测是有效且灵敏的。最后，进行了有限元分析，以探讨气流对温度曲线的影响。这样就可以确定结冰的开始时间并估算结冰量。结果，可以获得结冰量与温度变化之间的关系。这表明所提出的估计方法对于风力涡轮机叶片的冰监测是有效且灵敏的。最后，进行了有限元分析，以探讨气流对温度曲线的影响。