A common global trend in modern aquaculture is to reduce or replace fishmeal in fish diets with alternative protein sources, mainly from protein‐rich plants such as soybean; however, plant‐based aquafeeds are a source of substantial amounts of phytoestrogens. Phytoestrogens belong to endocrine‐disrupting chemicals (EDCs) which can negatively interfere with fish reproduction; thus, they should be avoided in sturgeon diet. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate concentrations and the profile of dietary isoflavone phytoestrogens in the two commercial sturgeon diets. A substantial amount of isoflavones, reaching in total from 1.5 to 50 mg/kg of feed, were found in analysed diets. Genistein and daidzein, which are typical constituents of soybean, were the most abundant phytoestrogens in the analysed feeds. Equol, the third most abundant phytoestrogen in the tested samples, was originated most probably from animal components. Additionally, the accumulation of dietary isoflavones in the liver, blood and gonads of two commonly farmed sturgeon species (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii and Acipenser baerii) after long‐term dietary exposure was also assessed. Significant concentrations of isoflavones were found in liver and blood samples of both sturgeon species at 600th and 800th dph, indicating high accumulation of these compounds, which may lead to endocrine disturbance.

中文翻译：

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养殖鲟鱼的膳食异黄酮摄入量和组织浓度

现代水产养殖的一个普遍全球趋势是用替代蛋白质来源减少或取代鱼类饮食中的鱼粉，主要来自富含蛋白质的植物，如大豆；然而，植物性水产饲料是大量植物雌激素的来源。植物雌激素属于内分泌干扰化学物质 (EDC)，会对鱼类繁殖产生负面影响；因此，在鲟鱼饮食中应避免使用它们。因此，该研究的目的是评估两种商业鲟鱼饮食中异黄酮植物雌激素的浓度和特征。在分析的日粮中发现了大量的异黄酮，总含量为 1.5 至 50 mg/kg 饲料。作为大豆的典型成分的染料木黄酮和黄豆苷元是所分析的饲料中最丰富的植物雌激素。雌马酚，测试样品中第三丰富的植物雌激素最有可能来自动物成分。此外，还评估了长期膳食暴露后两种常见养殖鲟鱼（Acipenser gueldenstaedtii 和 Acipenser baerii）肝脏、血液和性腺中膳食异黄酮的积累情况。在 600 和 800 dph 时，在两种鲟鱼的肝脏和血液样本中都发现了显着浓度的异黄酮，表明这些化合物的大量积累，这可能会导致内分泌紊乱。两种常见养殖鲟鱼（Acipenser gueldenstaedtii 和 Acipenser baerii）的血液和性腺在长期膳食暴露后也进行了评估。在 600 和 800 dph 时，在两种鲟鱼的肝脏和血液样本中都发现了显着浓度的异黄酮，表明这些化合物的大量积累，这可能会导致内分泌紊乱。两种常见养殖鲟鱼（Acipenser gueldenstaedtii 和 Acipenser baerii）的血液和性腺在长期膳食暴露后也进行了评估。在 600 和 800 dph 时，在两种鲟鱼的肝脏和血液样本中都发现了显着浓度的异黄酮，表明这些化合物的大量积累，这可能会导致内分泌紊乱。