Environmental drivers of taxonomic and functional diversity of ant communities in a tropical mountain,Insect Conservation and Diversity

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Environmental drivers of taxonomic and functional diversity of ant communities in a tropical mountain
Insect Conservation and Diversity ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-09 , DOI: 10.1111/icad.12415
Flávio Siqueira de Castro ₁ , Pedro Giovâni Da Silva ₁ , Ricardo Solar _{1,

2} , Geraldo Wilson Fernandes _{1,

2} , Frederico de Siqueira Neves _{1,

2}

Affiliation

We investigated the patterns of taxonomic (TD) and functional (FD) α and β‐diversities of ants in a mountainous landscape along three dimensions, namely one temporal (seasonal) and two spatial dimensions: between habitats – grassland and forest habitats (horizontal), and among elevation bands (vertical). In addition, we tested the effects of environmental variables (mean elevation and temperature, and normalised difference vegetation index – NDVI) on taxonomic and functional α‐ and β‐diversities.
β diversities among the two spatial dimensions are the main components of TD. Conversely, FD is almost entirely composed by the α‐diversity component, with a very low contribution of β‐diversity.
Regarding environmental drivers, the decrease in temperature caused by increased elevations and seasonal variations had a negative effect on taxonomic α‐diversity. There were no effects of environmental variables on ant functional α‐diversity.
Despite the high turnover of ant species occurring along spatial dimensions, the communities were functionally redundant. The changes in species richness and composition patterns in this mountain were strongly influenced by variables correlated with elevation and habitat structure.
Species composition changed across all dimensions, but the core traits and functions remained unchanged. Differences observed in the composition of ant communities over relatively short geographic distances highlight the importance to conserve the entire mountain, ensuring the maintenance of the ant diversity and associated ecosystem functions.

中文翻译：

热带山区蚂蚁群落分类和功能多样性的环境驱动因素

我们沿着三个维度（即一个时间（季节性）和两个空间维度）在山地景观中研究了蚂蚁的分类学（TD）和功能性（FD）α和β多样性模式：栖息地之间–草地和森林栖息地之间（水平），以及海拔范围（垂直）之间。此外，我们测试了环境变量（平均海拔和温度以及归一化植被指数– NDVI）对分类学和功能性α和β多样性的影响。
两个空间维度之间的β多样性是TD的主要组成部分。相反，FD几乎完全由α-多样性组成，而β-多样性的贡献很小。
关于环境驱动因素，海拔升高和季节变化引起的温度下降对生物分类学α多样性具有负面影响。环境变量对蚂蚁功能α多样性没有影响。
尽管沿空间维度发生的蚂蚁物种数量很高，但这些群落在功能上却是多余的。与海拔和栖息地结构相关的变量对该山物种丰富度和组成模式的变化影响很大。
物种组成在所有维度上都发生了变化，但核心特征和功能保持不变。在相对较短的地理距离上观察到的蚂蚁群落组成的差异突出了保护整个山区，确保维持蚂蚁多样性和相关生态系统功能的重要性。

更新日期：2020-03-09

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