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Marked compositional changes in harvestmen assemblages in Amazonian forest islands induced by a mega dam
Insect Conservation and Diversity ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-12 , DOI: 10.1111/icad.12398 Ana Lúcia Tourinho 1 , Maíra Benchimol 2 , Willians Porto 3 , Carlos A. Peres 4, 5 , Danielle Storck‐Tonon 6
中文翻译：
巨型水坝引起的亚马逊森林岛屿收割者组合的明显组成变化
更新日期：2019-12-12
Insect Conservation and Diversity ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-12 , DOI: 10.1111/icad.12398 Ana Lúcia Tourinho 1 , Maíra Benchimol 2 , Willians Porto 3 , Carlos A. Peres 4, 5 , Danielle Storck‐Tonon 6
Affiliation
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- Mega hydroelectric dams have become one of the main drivers of habitat loss in tropical forests, converting large tracts of pristine forests into isolated forest islands. Understanding how biodiversity cope with landscape modification in these archipelagic landscapes is of paramount importance to assess the environmental consequences of dam infrastructure and propose mitigation actions for biodiversity conservation. In this context, harvestmen (Opiliones, Arachnida) comprise an excellent indicator taxon of habitat quality, given their high sensitivity to desiccation and microclimatic change.
- We investigate the effects of landscape change induced by a mega hydropower dam on forest harvestmen species richness, abundance and composition within the Balbina Hydroelectric Dam, Central Brazilian Amazon. We sampled 20 islands and 5 mainland continuous forests, relating our biological response variables to local, patch and landscape scale metrics.
- Although unexpectedly species richness was unaffected by any local, patch and landscape variables, species composition and abundance were differentially affected by a set of predictor variables at different scales. Forest cover and fallen woody stems were significant predictors of species composition, whereas vegetation density, forest cover, island area, abundance of palm trees, and fallen woody stems best explained harvestmen abundance.
- Our results indicate that both islands embedded within greater and lower amount of forest cover are important to ensure high diversity of harvestmen. We recommend retaining large forest habitat patches surrounded by a large amount of forest cover to minimise forest disturbance effects and enhance long‐term persistence of harvestmen sensitive species in large hydroelectric dams.
中文翻译：
巨型水坝引起的亚马逊森林岛屿收割者组合的明显组成变化
- 巨型水力发电大坝已成为热带森林中栖息地丧失的主要驱动力之一，将大片原始森林转变为孤立的森林岛屿。了解生物多样性如何在这些群岛景观中应对景观变化，对于评估大坝基础设施的环境后果并提出保护生物多样性的缓解措施至关重要。在这种情况下，鉴于收割者对干燥和微气候变化的高度敏感性，它们是栖息地质量的一个很好的指示性分类。
- 我们调查了巴西中部巴尔比纳水电站大坝内巨型水电站大坝引起的景观变化对森林砍伐物种的丰富度，丰度和组成的影响。我们对20个岛屿和5个大陆连续森林进行了采样，将我们的生物反应变量与本地，斑块和景观尺度指标相关联。
- 尽管出乎意料的是，物种丰富度不受任何局部，斑块和景观变量的影响，但物种组成和丰度受到一组不同尺度的预测变量的不同影响。森林覆盖率和木质茎倒下率是物种组成的重要预测指标，而植被密度，森林覆盖率，岛屿面积，棕榈树丰度和木质茎倒下率最好地解释了收割者的丰度。
- 我们的结果表明，在更大或更小的森林覆盖率内埋藏的两个岛屿对于确保收割者的高度多样性至关重要。我们建议保留大型森林栖息地斑块，周围覆盖大量森林，以最大程度地减少对森林的干扰，并增强大型水电大坝中对收割者敏感的物种的长期生存能力。
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