1. Odonates are an ancient group of freshwater invertebrates that have complex life cycles and highly variable phenotypes and behaviours. These traits make odonates a very attractive model group to study various aspects and phenomena in the fields of ecology, behaviour, and evolutionary biology.
2. Such variability in appearance and behaviour can influence the detectability of individual species under natural conditions; and this variability in detection rates, if not statistically treated, may lead to significant distortions of results and misleading conclusions.
3. In the present study, we used detectability models to predict the time to detection (TTD) of individual odonate species and generalised linear mixed models to analyse the effects of morphological and behavioural traits on the TTD of the first individual of a species.
4. We found that only abundance had a significant effect on the TTD of both Anisoptera and Zygoptera, while the larger Anisoptera were generally detected earlier. No such patterns were observed in Zygoptera; however, dispersal ability was found to have had some influence.
5. Surprisingly, coloration and activity were not found to influence the TTD of odonates. Therefore, although there are considerable differences between species, with the exception of abundance and size, we did not detect any easily measurable traits that would unequivocally explain the differences in the detection rates of individual species.

中文翻译：

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如果可以，赶上他们！欧洲蜻蜓物种的性状是否会影响其可检测性？

1. Odonates是一组古老的淡水无脊椎动物，它们具有复杂的生命周期以及高度可变的表型和行为。这些特性使odonates成为研究生态，行为和进化生物学领域各个方面和现象的极具吸引力的模型组。
2. 这种外观和行为的可变性会影响自然条件下单个物种的可检测性。检测率的这种差异（如果不进行统计学处理）可能会导致结果的严重失真和错误的结论。
3. 在本研究中，我们使用可检测性模型预测单个卵酸盐物种的检测时间（TTD），并使用广义线性混合模型分析形态和行为特征对物种第一个个体的TTD的影响。
4. 我们发现，只有丰度对Anisoptera和Zygoptera的TTD都有显着影响，而较大的Anisoptera通常在更早时被发现。在翼翅目中没有观察到这种模式。然而，发现分散能力有一定影响。
5. 出人意料的是，未发现着色和活性会影响odonates的TTD。因此，尽管物种之间存在相当大的差异，但丰度和大小除外，但我们没有检测到任何易于测量的特征，这些特征可以明确解释各个物种的检出率差异。